June 23, 1860.) THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 577 
coo ROR EE PET SSS nnn aoa ene ee 
busily employed Wheat stubble, hand- Alcrim do Sul, or common Rosemary (itosmarinus ottici- 
Sae - the saa Milk Thistle, mp Eis doubt thinking ON THE ART OF PERFUMERY, ITS Sms | eae bre the = im n phg ' Diosma ericoidely 
it was the perennial kind, but ttle knowledge o AND Vie reminder AARE tg MENT. with a very fine scent. es that, there are 
n +: 
F whia 
fo rt im f ENE R 
otany, would have taught a different lesson. Itis a [Abridged ik | Fy Focus ae tha ually of Arts. | pronase to me superior in intensity of fragrance to 
great pity, I might say a ee calamity, that ig (Concluded from p. 553. those of France or Italy. There are also some trees 
example which raen eplin p w has so worthily set THE now two processes in use for making | which bear beautifully- enen “tomers, such as the 
rs more gener “sea ighants in our national and village dawa n and oil; one is by maceration and the Pawlovnia imperialis, the Nes TON. = ne 
schools, and if, without entering into the minutiæ of | other by absorption. The former is used for nti 
bottnicel, sche our children were only taught | deli pe flowers, such the Rose, Cassia, Orange- Portugal, from its richness of produce aiā "heity ot ped 
to recognise the poisonous plants of our native flora, pike eect Hii and Viole t, which can bear a with England, seems to m 
it would be a great and sanitary gain. But it may be | degree of heat without losing their scent. A cert it i áls ‘for 
asked, what has this to do with the education of | qua iso of grease is placed in a pan fitted with a this market ; ral I can assure those ni rae “feel 
gardeners? I reply it has everything to do, for as water bath and brought to anoily consistency. Flowers Pompe K <n this speculation, that say would 
most of them make their way to the garden th } in and left to di gest for some hours, encouragement from the young and 
the village school, so it is important that they should after poe Soret are removed and others are put in, intelligent King of Portugal, to whom I had the honour 
be properly He nage. ba the soomaa ent of thei and so wo or chines days, until the grease is | of bei ing P resented during my stay in Lisbon, and w who 
edee Indee rudiments of natural mie. Tt is then taken out and pressed in | seemed very 
oan py more Oke to in our atic arrange- cloth bags. The Peed ay absorption, called by the | resources of his country. 
ments, for it is abominable that a man should be a French . enfleurag In Algeri 5 Ge 4 colonists have for some time ane 
wanderer on the face of the earth all his natural life, their attention t utilising the flowers and 
and yet be ignorant of its formation or the character of tt consis of a series of square dn pnt ‘econ their ntry, and princi ipally t the Jasmine, soe 
the ype and animals which inhabit it. Risin aaa , Violets Narcissus, and Geraniums, I 
ow come to “Linager’s” prop made to facilitate absorption. Fresh- gathered flowers | exhibit here some pom we oils, vind essences produced 
lea ider of the 9th ultimo, pm eon. shes fall short of A moming by M. Richard, of E El-Biar, near Algiers 
what ought to be expect ted ung man | as long as the Pret is in Tve and by that time the| In Tunis they PREE T ure some essential oils of the 
at the ages stated. Writing, salig arithmetic and can has acqui red a very § str rong flavour. The same | finest descriptions. They consist of Rose, Jasmine, Cassie, 
t: il, d of es 
ak, 
boy takes up E = a cal lling at all; indeed I which is spread a thick cotton} of a species of Wi low, Misk-snada made from a sort of 
should want to add geography, botany, plain and free | cloth peabde in A oil: Flowers are laid on in the Thistle, Apple, Quince, Violet, and Narcissus. 
hand drawing, and mapping and plotting as connected | same way, and me atoa sabmnitte d to a strong | price of those essences is, however, very high, ranging 
with land surveying. A youth ought to be able to pass | pressure to extract the oil when Maceo J im- | trom 44. to 82. per liquid pag on 
this examination before he is 18 years of age. At 21,|pregnated. The = es are piled up on each other| From the East Indies ho already many per- 
the p ination, I should want, in PE AARE CE ET A Sane iia KaRé | fam yay materials, but n 
in cultivation and “naming plants at sight,” a know- | The three > acnmigel towns where this manufacture is | flowe there in abund- 
ledge of robin fia physiological botany, geology, rried on are Grasse, Cannes, and Nice. From the | ance, pat! could be es ae “available if colonists would 
the rudiments of natural philosophy, and a knowledge details furnished by M. Pilar, one of the first manu- | take the trouble of gathering and distilling them. 
f the natural sciences. The most difficult part for | facturers of Grasse, it cd Sie rs that there are about 100 | Those that erigia Sov be easily distilled might no dou 
examination will be “ practical 1 skill. $ Knowing some- | hou engaged in that occupation, and in that of be treated by th bsorption process, ess, and yield a fine 
thing of cultivation I honto not like to pass an opinion distilling cabal “all materials for whic oil. sent t out some ti ime since e some „oil 
Ont of 
upon a man’s qualifications without at He ieil t a six | the neighbourhood. Out of that number 70 
months’ inspection of bis predet. and that during | Grasse, which may be called the head-quarters of the have not fraen the results in time for ferny paper. I 
the gees aonne when his knowledge and skill would | trade. The fo ollowing are approximate numbe ers and | exhibit here a small collection of East Indian oils, com- 
be the taxed. 1 £4} prising ier , Jas swe Ba a, ror Musk root, 
SSE eee & te'a parrot may rehears facturing purposes :— . rir bs urakhah, but they are all, more noi iei impreg- 
But talking Sra a B to converte.” r kilos. Br fe £ with the flavour of appears, 
800, 000 or 1,760,000 of Orange flowers, yaa ce $2,000 is eerie a y their di stilling the opis re “Sandal 
Many men can ‘talk glibly on horticultural matters, | 250,000 ,, 550,000 ,, Rose flowers 10,000 | wood, in attend o obtain a larger quantity of essen 
but are pa bunglers at Moy e practical ask py on of os » te 0 5, eee flowers, 6,000 aL T expected another collection from G 
their theories; indeed, it has been remarked in these 30.000 > 2.000.” eosin: * > 38000 | containing otto of Roses, Khoss, Keorah, Jasmin 
pages, the _ writers are a always the ba culti- 15, 7000 >> 33,000 ,, Tuberose A 3,000 Bayla, Johee Chomalee, Sohag, Musk, and amber, but 
tors. I once heard a gentle man ie had employed a igri maar renters iy Ak ae x z 
k 
Y Y 
RAR T pagi » “Set a man on horse- factured are: — I shall be happy, however, to show it to any person ; be 
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dener in ote and I sm guarantee he will never. w of scented pomades and oil, i ll 
: pena À tiy, varying from 1. to 122. per ounce, 
chon, onti) he matik saiid i tained 300,000 or sl me cig} 250,000 are all very costly, 
The f ne web oo MT but they would no doubt be obtained mack sheaper iF 
I sho 
so that the smooth-tongued and read: 
hed not steal a march upon their hard-headed and] "This does not include the essential oils oe which the | that purpose. flowers likewise 
* ie ut less loquacious ight . list would be but so very | abound, and could biil rendered available when we 
h inager” proposes as shiniin for | valuable, such as the *Neroli, Or anen ‘which is | get a firmer footing in the country. Am the most 
onones has been partly taken up “by m preliminary | distilled from Orange flowers, and is worth about oe are the ig see Jasmin, on Kohé-wha, which 
and pens ene G Ba yp ES sj tore would 102. per Ib. e Chinese use to fla i An i 
ve objecti eed it would be very desirable that/ Tt has been proposed to cultivate flowers in England pens is also obteitied from the ‘Al an, a Manilla 
egetable ea: Geograp hy, 8 , imate, as con- | on a large scale for perfumery purposes, but the climate | flower, Mr is hog rage found in India and China. 
nected with cultivation, should be "gl studied; to | renders this scheme totally impracticable—English | Aus i bound i 
these I would add Geology, Chemistry, Architectural flowers, however beautiful in form and colour they may ee adiihiad plants. gi E which T was 
Drawing, and the principles of Constr ction. Mathe- 0 nsi for | very interesting peat the a oe a 
matics would be indispensable to this sea scale, “bu t as for extraction, and the greater part of those used in the Meow ed by Dr. 
“ Pomology, naming fruits at sight,” I do not regard it | south of France va perme would only grow here in | Melbourne. It a kai piar tt yor: t ‘ints berger ne 
as a very indispensable qualification. The varieties of hot-houses ; the only flov which might be had in | Myrtle, aea md Mint tribe grow wild in Australia in 
A fosh, great abunda and that there are many 
table are not legion, and if h that of the southern Rois a you | varieties of the. akin and other flowering trees an 
knowledge of frate it ae tag y jud ge = e specimen of English  Rose-water | shrubs which could be turned to some account. I 
to know “ what to avoid,” any ee ge vet exhibited, The ‘English oils of Lavender and Pepper-| have a specimen here of the flowers of the Acacia 
for itis a sad m eiaa of revo to plant | mint are superior, it is true, ose made in France dealbata, or Silver Wattle (a Tasmanian tree), which 
collections pA RR nE a DET Lge frequently when and Italy, but I think that is owing to the very cause | have the same flavour as the French Cassie, but are 
come t a bearing state are found to| which would militate against the success of other | somewhat smaller. Another curious specimen is that 
orthless, flowers in this country. If we add to this the short-| of the Myall wood, obtained from a species es of Acacia 
I have thus indicated what I should regard as indis- | ness of the flowering sort ich the high price of land | Le digo which has an intense smell of Violets, a very 
* re qoalificatio ns for those young men who aspire | and labour, we may at the conclusion that it | e odour in nature. This wou uld prove valuable if it 
o the first rank i in the fatu re of hortic ulture. Tt may Kone prove as nv sould t ficient There is also- 
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make En glish Wana. great auantity of Sandalwood of fine flavour in ‘West 
is worth Sah pea for its own sake, and when attained are, however; other countries, where veal Australia. 
will be found a much sweeter solace ae leisure oe | shone “could be carried out w ith much better + success, | The botanie riches of the Cape colony are babe : 
of be and sild be turned to good acco! u for pe 
Spain and Portugal ‘both teem with | with little cost and labour the sam hir ind pee 
an Hepa sk vari iety mi BR apne ant flowers an at aromatic | Brit n ae ai have:here: a piani Tei i 
la M. Botanical Wania Feda Doae cultivation of ` j 
le to t i t tha of 
0 the majority ¢ employers. It may | adura, I have passed through mi i ish 
be said that I r requ ire in iedh their emp which I do not ees tat Gotama with Lave ser, Rosemary, and Iris} British Hondas with its luxuriant tati 
possess myself; true, but. it is the want which I have growing wild in the are ei? abundance, The only use | would also probably yield a rich crop oe: 
felt, and daily feel of the qualifications which I have | made is to burn a few Lavender flowers find | sures to those who would take the ee cook thea 
gnnimernted -which IERRA a high | their way to Madrid, at thay af re eat to ve rew on the | In fine all our colonies, a Wy sun and climate, 
standard for the rising generation. The young a ua floor; they sell there for 16 reals per fanega, whic f time sc made to supply yrei share of 
enthusiastic gardener who pursues his calling from a | about equal to 3s. 6d. per ewt. Jn Andalus usia all the | aromatics, affording thus greater variety to the per- 
love of it must not be deterred from his object by "the flowers cultivated in the south of Fra ae oti nd | famer, and increasing es own resou 
mes coidness, oo Eee must console himself with a} could be profitably wo rk ted. “TA Pedal, af esp Salty ae nce. 
Pee Skep in rovinces of fauna = T aromatic A pas i 
_ “Tis not in sae to command success : iP ce son n grea -| Shreds. ma you or any ad Ber correspon ents 
But we'll do more, Horatio! We'll deserve it.” ee | titute fi cli = ings, or shreds, 
Wek Aea Dek oralcigh Park, Frome. Eorsi It gives, ‘when braised, Aap ce E e | for the fastening of fruit trees to walls? This article 
