June 30, 1860.] 
THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
609 
EE A 
Mr. Mechi for not having introduced steam-ploughin ng | 
at Tiptree Farm have not deterred his northern neigh: | 
bour fr om adopting azeri areia implement, the sere 
er into, after the m 
LTIVATION PROFITA 
I think pig cann ile be a doubt as to rl pro 
ie tro duction | on cold, strong, and tenacious land; 
j 
ofitable | ™ 
that 
ultivator 
is what n 
requi 
at 
i Iw and bring to perfect maturity th ed committed to 
with a few remarks he cultivation of he soil on the | her care ° It = not a question of a few shillings per acre 
Woolston principle (as carried on by Mr. Coulson and | petwixt the shallow ploughing and treading of the soil 
Mr. Rob son; the former gentleman having only used during the operation b ‘the slow heavy draught horse, 
it partially for three acai) 5. shall ir, Rober yself to the | whic E on st nds the farmer is compelled to use, |ue 
description en byt the lat ter). | Mr. — erti ee a p of | deer onsi ideratio n of the beneficial effects produced by | * 
spring or mies | is alone sufficient for an evening’s dis- 
abou | ussion ; uch I will not kirehe advert to it, but 
whic veen previously creaitably farmed the other turn to siadtnet deleeriition of He viz, light landed 
me this head I clas 
had b 
Ser Hring ra 5 cere ree isp an nd wretchedly ou t of 
toget 
ondition; the mprise about 380 acres. 
Mr. Robe ser since A aata , has cultivated equal 
o 800 acres, at a of 3s. 4d. per acre in manual 
labour, aoi: ds er “es the wear and tear; having 
e month has been t 
the s |e 
L 
res bi Hoani | |13% 
dry food eep will consume 20 Ibs. of 
we compel it to take ne 
o ° 3 or „as a'shee 
s daily, 
w ae with its 2 lbs. 
50 
T 
revent ed pa ie 
ad enough in mild 
ava a ler high temperature, but with 
e hav — sed th rating with Turnips 
e] 
D 
weather 
2 a winter 
cy Ba or very mperature, let us imagine 
hs t an re rora of. gpd ore must be taken — ae 
the sheep which has to 
| farms, and un asia? wold, 
| loamy, and peat soils. It is up 
tion t ve byl Pking benefit t to ‘be deriv riv 
power } 
er 
eth 
pretty accurately the difference in cost of caltivation, |: 
eis now working for hire adjacent lands . per 
exclusive of fuel. These sums ne correspond | o 
with the reports published detailing the experience of | 
other gentleme o hav mode of cultiva- 
tion, excepting wear and te In the rep sa on Wool- 
ston farming, Mr. Smith cleats t the latter at 1s. 6d. 
6 
dbur; i go highly | 
Hh tear of the | 
bertson, after 
equires a 
Mr. Randall, of 
e 40° 
’|at the a scouring of 
ent 
f losses are 
avoid such apaya 
> cold water or ice, some j ae Can 
dees eep or bul Noeks, eu 
inflammation ye death ? And can 
erstand 
w un 
so small compared with theirs when I 
Ne ed w e be sur’ rprised that 
of “the <r a and of 
with ine apap of our te 
ost of hors wer on light aie 
e temperature 
is consider: ably, Anse and. when the 
tage o their moisture? 
1A} 
ip 
Biaid others who ł 
conclusions, th that valuers will allow the prices Pa down | 
ka would hrd groom. say, if 
últ tos dri ink 18 ga allons of water with his 20 ibs. of ay and 
for the 
t let ane aa o Mr. Di att rm 
remunerate the piekadphet aia 
arr riv. ing at a correc ect conclus 
Our ccannie ppt esi in 
any sie have Paes Turnips. 
yet 
g 
will leave too small a 
TE COST OF THE STEAM PLOUGH. 
yi consider ie what extent steam gii 
and horse-powe. 
margin for everythin: 
s regar 
op ae 
e at rmed, at 4} acres per day 300 w 
900 acres per plough per annum of so 
3s. 8d. per acre. Mr. Smith’s colnet 
i ACTE, — an stron 
“gt Eh at m 
soni pe an acre land as deep a 
can draw ough, to ee A ton at ae 
not excee my 6 aie on the first 
— papii 3s. per acre; ert st ight s soi ils one 
eur cotta ia in | 
estimate as possible. I have already fixed, hee "the 
best sources I ate command, coupled with my own 
sufficie 
one yea 
fore, the cost of eight horses, pet her’ labour, 
ra ai Ea ide rs of a caer con 
rive at a rage of 
ays, gives about 8s. Va. 
26, | per day. "Fro his ni wa dent that no G tetit plough, 
a at present jari kh babe ete generally with righ 
n light soil, Riri 1 eon if I could hire on 
Seach rative term eam cultivator, and a 
tent staff to i ated it, to op eak 
as cleared, be advantageous, that 
period when rats ERE hands are employe! 
1 parvest operon 
ROPER SIZE OF STEAM-CULTIV. 
„To ake steam eerie a etry paya 
ei Sipe 
up the stubbles as soon 
being a 
r day, with one „pair o 
A, and 
a half per ma em, costing in manual Jabour Is. 4d. aia 
acre.* It is, therefore, very evident that in cies 
ear r to expend the 
I have sh nat sik my opinion 
occupier of. a ai landed farm, and that its introduc- 
aia should be equivalent to the work oi spoon prea 
nected therewith at b 
817. 10s. per pair of 
d with ie 
r to their hill Ta sig ‘the pr severe a miaka, 
ands o 
together. " 
f | light, and most ee know the evil result when 
case is there any displacement of P, labour by th 
ondly, as regards 
e it is cuter admitted that 
well it requires, on the average, 
es, costing 60/. apiece for every 100 | o 
horse power, I b 
to ae or net 
tw f hors 
pend, where th 
Hii 
ss requires four pairs 
under the nee mod ne aes ‘and that ‘the 
we si are ted by the introduction of steam power is, 
t to be, equivalen the same number. The 
ie uo, drilio of. corn, harvestin ng of crops, 
veh when very” wet from rains. _ Nature - has indicated 
vision for winter, and that the Grass having los st 65 1 per 
cont: of water by drying, we must make up "for the 
deficiency by providing our animals with drink. 
as not been duced, ow 
‘arm Of 385 acres by Smit 
EP 
horses; a 
orse powe: r, so that upon a holding of the a 
Robe 
cultivator, with only sight 
Fowler 
and M 
rs, with peal 500 acres, poauiies to mia 
Natur: e has taught them the id went riggs to _ 
have named six horses, must be eeo sst carry on 
+} ra 
5s: girs Redman, of Overton, 
three 
eir respective 
suggested by some parties to meet this ‘diiiealty is sto 
s 
OR y $24. 
our rs erie would fatte q 
much less often di 
000 
Pike, of Stevi 
reduced my ote ‘froin 15 to 1 
can do 
and 
with 9.” Iti is, iadi a fair basis for cal calcu la- 
further comment. 
n 0 $: 
f nly not less 
probable rdar 
when not required; this 
I es moe arriya at the 
s acres shoul the 
mn 300 acr 
of steam cultivation, oe 
m the apes pe of hives and upon this prin capa 
3 too theoretical to need | fro 
ea, but | W 
een as the lim it for jae 
ing a fair pees ion ‘to the ltter-ot, I am 
takad of and 
tion 
or cultivator will displace 7 The capita 
teguri d for a Af enpak, a Fowler’s plough, oe 
be 7207., though Mr. Towle me it at 7500. 
"ha and 
area Hamed. var find st 
and when we Nero! re an pet ge 
are not half the 1 hav med, an 
est 
e average cost of labour ses 
ork pE ie L. van ka pes day, or for 200 working days 
description of soil, it is evident to my mindy t that aja | 
9d.; making the yearly pare 
as ‘is now practised for threshing, but still better if 
st Se. 
‘or the effectual working 
s to 4361. 13s. TREG 
o. 4 cultivator, x 
an 
ae Fowler’s s plou 
* In both of these cases Mr. Wells has aeri 
mated the 
s ote One acre a day of stony ei te f 
average amoun 
manual cost of 
aa m hobs d, are much beyond the 
orses | | independently yt 
rse | pow nual 
uld ba 717. per annum less than = the 
of Smith’s cultivator, and 1007, per annum less than ie 
gh. 
king staff, steam nihe will ni 
hened period | e the exception of the r 
t to elat toone grat 
es him of 
upward 
seed, 
is necessary 
| working of the fa 
BrE EEEREN 
ai TEUGE —No. III. 
TION OF R PEREN oer LIVE ene 
some at straw, 
Turnips in cold o 
the consumption of Turn 
and restore a po equi- 
iming hetven t the dry food nd water, and wi 
mi 
to animals, a 
in canis a wise 
= 
tion of feria i 
them. The question appears to hinge upon what t propor- | 
pr ay aan reat ie m a rn foo be onime ee | 
n 90 to 92 e ; Mangel, 88 per 
preien 
per 
d condition ag give 
give a an animal 
40 lbs. of water per 
ia be pee oe in 
epi be a fair average quantity for a fale ina 
Great 
z bullocks 
sneep or ulloc: entirely 
= o take 9 Ibs, or pints 
mal eon 40 to 50 Ibs. of water ‘ally but if we feed our | bi pallock, and a proportionate quantity for s sheep. 
of water with every pound or | by my farming frie 
3 
