Suny 7, 1860.] bin GARDENERS’ ‘CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 631 
en re the same, wan we et Eee 
|: ogee m the same field eve ppli ae is admitted on all hands that every species of | been engaged in carryin g out, [The second part-of 
n of aie, organic being, whether of an animal or a vegetabl i e Sica ion of future trains 
th 
Anothe of experiments which occupied me for | OE ach: 7 rerai share aig a ar = invention, ‘vil ` rae, ARATIR 
ar ei relation to ae uesti ion whether a lant vote 
ni time e gu pan ell thoug h mysterious, C between that 
capable € of su ubstituting g li ach sothat when 
p r. r] “ » 
Se oma fp $ t is a abser nt, or E ic “DANa cease to TEP “BONDAQPROR THE “SORHES 
l soda in lieu of potass as a cons ituent of its tissues, exist. Now nee acid, combined, as it usually is, | es the majority of the. extensive farms of south- 
The conclusions to which I was led with re ference to eg lime, a with magnesia, canno dissipated by ern Sec tland to build a separate residence for pee 
this interesting question rather militate against those | any degree of heat t with which we are acquainted an | Feat field labourers, which may be bia to, 
deduced by Saussure and others, inasmuch as they | consequently m tie ain to the end of time associated | det: ae bo pis — residence, is the only 
seem to show, that a certain limit exists to the power | with the other als of the rock along with which I can he evils inseparably connected w rl 
which soda has of replacing potass, the utmost increase | jt had been or iginally deposite e Aen ona Of agreement betwe 
: of this alkali in the crop of Barley by the most libera! If any th ted in the sea at the | and hinds. 
application of soda salts to the soil, in lieu of those of | bottom of “Which the sacs egg now constituting the| The hin nds are as firmly engaged. to, the farmer for 
gotassa, never appearing to exceed 8 per cent, so that | Ban rg r slates had in the course of time been deposited, 12 months’ service as a privat 
Iwas led to conjecture that the latter alkali merely | they would have left behind them ws hen they decayed | The bondagers are in the sam Me ve 
circulates — the tissues of the plant without | the phosphoric acid which a s a constituent into | hinds a — wives, but they are ye poe BeBe 
forming part of its solid ag re, and thus, eye it da Steat and the rock would ever after sear to the 
0 
waded Liebig í conje ct ures, subse ervien nt to ti e pur- | it a an evidence of their “existence; ; no ot, 0 of c urse, er selene ow = agers, each of w 
had ach ster 4 4 o A 
id t in to. get a po ig to prepare the 
i=] 
their nutrition, yet that it does not enter as a con-/ rock in which o organie remains were eon but a r ho usehold a wie 
ape into their living organisa ation. | only that iter the principle in question was entirely | pre eds rte ants to the farm 
The question however was far from b ted o organic beings could possibly have been | at 6 o Poe 
by the experiments i instituted by yeeie a and s am i glad present. Tt is. 5 be wever, extremely diffi The bondagers work 10 hours per day to the farmer, 
to it taken up by Mr. Lawes and Dr. Gill to dete very: minute quantities of phosphoric | w with the exception of the winter quarter, and a grea! = 
4 Tate paaber of the Royal Agr icultu ai no nal in a acid, di Ae Se th ough the mass of a rock, and hence an | many 
report of Se raoe with different manures on, pers por hagatik carefully conducted, could har dly | times a day. 
mane! w land, in which it is a full ‘assurance t that phosphoric acid might There i is nothing degrading to the female character 
proportion pet ass in a crop of Grass was increased by ist 
the addition of salts of potass inven 20 to to 28 or 29 per ae indirect ae ho per of ijon + ang the | servant’s pede has a degrading tendency. any 
cent, whilst that of soda was diminished a 8, am same point occurred to easy ex This | one may imagine how she would like to be damise 
normal quantity without manure, to 4 when a manure | was, adie w properly preparing the rock to ford i — over by a ana SA r and mistress 
containing much potass was em — ; when, a een wt to the of the plant by reducing it- to a coa regarded as exceeding 10s. per k tl ough t th 
ammoniacal salts wi priba t PEGA administered, AWIE Tto p kent into it the seeds of some iait t | year. 
Proportion n of soda increased e to 10, and that of | which contained a notable quantity of phosphate of There are indeed some women w. “te are so fortunate 
p sunk from 20 to pe ci lime, and to ascertain whether the ashes derived from as to engage themselves Pi men and w on era ea 
- the resulting crop contained more of that ingredient hristian principle, and have ripe example set th 
than had been present in the grain sown. oe than in their own homes, but in general the bondager’s s 
peie: sa there might be must of course have been owing | fate is a hard o 
j i to the presence of the = eral in the earth “itself But I contend that this is no necessary part of the 
sy i altogether : of: et arta of Now iti of 10 differen 3 = mples eon l system even in the districts where it occurs. 
: 5 residuum. tak: ot vari ages, namely, fr ee hat n is there for a ploug o contract to 
- - cha i ok “the great oolite, x new | supply his master with a female labourer 
ee rei ro con’ 
pi or = — e calca 5 A farmer or 
: otash. | Soda. eke the ae lomite or magnesian limestone, | his steward could hire or engage the requisite number 
Carbonate jf average of } 14} ia, grain, TBR 34-60. 4 1 50 ant the pes from Dolgelly, oa the foot of of labourers himself? All anomalies and difficulties 
f potas 2 5S | 79.50 | 20. 
of potan h the 2 crops mi lei, ferain, 133| 76.50 an is kidday w, from the qu uarries at Nant Francon, and from would thus be obviated. | _ Bu ow is a farmer to 
of soda. .. f Meria i straw, 574, 72.75 | 27.25 near Bangor, the o ince he ian Big iaa 
Spee oks ni ij 78 | vine pore 1 i cs) g 0 yielded no ie beyond th nps ‘in ide of phos- domestic en a e S Her ld labourers in his o 
paira ee z i > hori - acid tó the Barley sown in mii the four last, a ? e t build a Kedak for ra itesbed 
titianured Produce of +, (grain, gai 50 I.S which lie at the base of the rock formations of this | to erst 
n "9 | the bed bes viZ | straw, 52 30 country, and which from the entire absence of organic |, The tae rm “bot hy” but 
x » Gilbert does not appear to have T “the remains are considered by as school of geologists | it is pE an appellation red to Be ence for 
Barron of s of a ea in the ere rok Mase alr anur Taa : titute of all t f life ger rden aan nd fi on motor oe s, and what objections can be 
G o confirm ro a iti being 
-ay own, 2s Pa, ge the eee raat of a "phot a ‘id prosent 1 in ‘the peen the amount pombe vie re pea aon a ar ni 
De Terie sou <a Me AEI ere rom soe elemental | ror of body of ante ave prope need 
where po was deficien ng off is lee Yeu 2p vee ae Vas nearness of a female labourers properly cared 
a partly by soda, but in a greater degree by |s Seer wearer 3 Grains. | for and presided over need not be a nuisance to the 
ths, as for instance by lime in one instance, SS A a E piat it T 
l pepagi silica in ano thas r- ————— ves of farmiers.who have confidence in their 
OF course no e nation of these points can | E domestics “do not “prohibit thei children from going 
be » arrived at a ni ia re maea in separating | the $ Ee E e kitchen onally. women who 
ooh ——————— are ropected by rich and poor win the 
amalysis of each, for it is easy to see that the excess | E= fields and factories for a livelihood. My own 
of silica must be Blap to the increase in the stem |; eee Se | thought a point as a 
deyond that of the flower and fruit. Still, the direc- | E= labourer when she could take her part in 
——— man a T when she could 
appears to point, is,” that the constitution of aes ingre- ———S 222225 = SS take the duties id in a gentleman’s service. 
_ dients of a plant either varies not at all, or only within |; ———— l short, it is self-evident that unmarried m 
Mery marrow limits indeed. If this be the case, the | === term must. be lodged somehow, what- 
variation in the ragi composition < a-erop under | E ——— p He ever arne e be attache: m home. How is it in 
different treatments must depend upon the relies — house, where a full 
of development + of tatewernl principles, and not | 4 e servants nts is kept P The butler, cook, housekeeper, and 
ona ape of com omer art in any one. Be eee eres ES a 
3 ae experiments till wanting on this |} —R———-——————————— S222 nates. _The servants’ a the room „where the house- 
ieaie and I must leave t pi egacy TbS ann ees ee Bass Dey) 
I hope by varying th f the 2S = See BEE == yp E: 
ees ona coer upon a much greater variety of | SS Dut a against th ft may all 
at length led ia results which will | 24H Zoe Soe | be termed bothies. is a room or rooms: =r the accom- 
_ mere justly pe the confidence of t fsa Sess modation of single ploughmen not as ble an 
Bears Se ee pongo? A to a farm steadin: oom is in a garden 
A third set of inquiries had more of a theoretical ee for an under gardener ? — ceo is Fag in 
characte * fom its bearings upon the speculations of |! = N | publio prints “to these—the gar en bothies. 
ists. It is well known that the authorities in z=: = 
aoe tata of od oe question, iial ` or E which 1 gute the ame — 
t tne est a of sedimentary i ae have == 252-5 * An un ay bee. been. me forth. i per the 
been yet reached were ited before organic bearings | Er EEH” : : Pn The syste not. 
ditetak a Nort h Wales for So eee. 
of 
themselves belonging to the | 
pi nce Cambrian sy system, the oldest airnet rocks 
ye Observed, and 1 Hiis Sati mf ee 
been d ISCOV! 6. Dolomite, aTa ache 
This fact, alf — WW. a 1 ae 7g ee nogens: 
Pennant, wat these slates have been, developed in th I must refer for the details = this 
Unik ae — ig referred by the | Paper which was published 
supposed to have been esent in them, by m 
wey, a y and the they can assign | num 
2 cc heer Asal oldest rocks are more often 
te remains t ‘ones, is the lin 
> and other inflnences during the larger period that ing EA at length to th 
“that there hie ws h then are a few of the inquiri 
J i ai in’ which the trath of this} Suc iach whith Eo have 
jessconnec me 
at various times | e naa en a SOW, KIE 
