632 THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. [JuLr 7, 1860. 
and ke the farm ; they are thus enabled to k HIRING MARKETS. 
The penitent of * ab “aa and pig not ant aah les INSTANCES OF TULLIAN EXPERIENCE. h 4 i Š 
m to rear their families comfortably, but it is a guarantee MucH has been one to ame iorate oe condition of 
for their moral and social res; bility. It is seldom that you the vincial towns 
t £ A senma becomin ks er sees ag a social and physical ] point of SONT but compara. 
o! ino: ences ng wW O 
ve been in many of the counties of England as well as Scot- kuii Aa lent o tively little has been done i in too many districts ma coe 
1, and I have ne seen a more intelligent, active, W rking 
Pay’ and trustworthy class of lal saree Soir the SFN bot ye g BS BS P BF ine: pace districts. Rejoicing to see that the “high 
t Lothian. They are sent to market wit! n st SR L A & 
to as great advantage as the eer could do ; they’ receive the St 4 ov tw g oF e = te seas s Ho pe T Baas eek a refs had to pay 
money, return home, and make out a neatly w ritten eo R Be $2 ág k! 28 or the cutting e hay crops have enabled 
the expenses inourred and the amount ob I dave ie ast” KF Balog Fe = | landowners, - Senk nt -farmers, and the rural clergy, to 
gany servants on this farm, and there is not one of them that oF S See. gh sta es 28 | discover t e adst to secure their 
cannot a ANOA, ee = oi Ag not & G PLA ent ` g |services during the busy sens andl that the state of 
them have been employed here from 34 to 45 years; several of 4 # | the labour market occupie d such a a pr ominent place at 
the mee were bo; = : farm, s omy one nias iver with S: a= meetin e ee F pap Club; ina 
e for the short period o; o years; bui is grandfather, now b> paper read by Mr. Morton before e oviety of Arts: 
too old for work, and not included in the abo E ber an HE aS = & : g 3 f 
on the farm for upwards of 40 years. On he farm Sa 2 i ea! Ss SR a late neepa at Blandford, and at Edinburgh, 3 
around me a similar state of matters prevails. i bondage a ar —- > allow me to give x sot Roxbu = the 1e ai nyon asit 
pyan ) still prevails on many farms, tho has ms Sh? oh: age | affects the counties of Roxburgh and Berwie 
been given up on the larger proportion. The com, the eZee 5 AR $ oe EE t consecutive ae in ities. j 
hind to furnish a stout boy or gi! uring the summer months EBES g oa Roo 
to work is undoubtedly a hardship, when he has siga Beace Fasca ravi I shall confine » my remarks within 
re t a mem pag’ sobre ogee Sate for the pupa t 8 Za 3 “mag 2°S88 ge B limits—to the Jedburgh and Kelso WE marketa 
su e domesticity of his family circle; but.I canno R239 gogi oe R g 
apo thero ts an thing le o immorality in it. The great A aes ae & S238 OW ing MR re bein, Si many 4 pore TE ene of 
demand fi pends during somes haa arisen from Turnipsand BERS) n FS i E bu agreement between employers and empl oy Of the 
iei ng grow! on += TRA Sgae z E: aaa SPa: Ried i T a Wo am mpna a we ye h EEE 
toatl addi houses en = 78s =~ welvemon 
built, and people got to live in them, the question Bes pag: peace 9 
Setanin On A they to, subsist a winter? However, g 4 Be 235 í g. $ a J z ne” pr ON he ‘ae is held o i 
this bondag ch was universal some years ago, is gas EE z g aay n the 
haara ro Arse wey tas tae i ee i Sa 5 s 3 | ordinary ac days i nia first week of March. It is 
1 tead: 5 is one Os eos : 5 
or two cottages are fitted up with beds, &c., and young women SE = ogi gti g S the general practice for "far rmers to renew their engage- 
from Ireland, the Highlands of Scotland, Skye, and the Western et A ge ~~ & X ments, for another twelvemonth — wit th those servants 
sles, mm: aiis oes _ ist a os ree So: igre EE: = 
“meee the Potato c En 3 > sg B a S er those who wish to part with te Sond 
j š š e as not speak to those intended to removed on the 
To show what humbug is —_ to the publie by edi Sete bates Mais 26th H ooi 
& es ay. aving heard and read a g 
— eats in = = a - sates r; agp Ki = <3 4.6 | % nonsense which has lately been submitted to the publie 
ENAR A DASR zph: SES Sete ean AS by a hi 
paratively littl sboti allow me to quote the followi ing 3 e Seer | se: a eddi hings they practically kiok 
rom tlie passage on t Bao system from the pa, Sees Hine 5, : 5. cteebamia Tittle Sheek I may state that servants 
which was read at Live i S, r Se 2 are hired throu u et is termed the “spearing-out” 
stem, in short, ximation to t 5 & = z term is syno- 
plave eystem as the laws of this SOONI aber The main aes $ H Z: Lag ee: $. ss — bia “apear?” nde sauh quire” £o 
difference is that the men are not bought and sold and ~ MEA a if 
even this is (apart from theoretical considerations) a ggs 5 8 & S°|BoF ja “farmer or his steward asks s any of By acquaintances 
Svea ee nes o so > © o os| 7 | they know of any experienced ploughmen in vat a y 
ZEEE = Se aS as situation. I have heard a good many pl men state, 
“ 
in rural districts; bat it Would d require little sie t seas Seo SELES a| y It is of no use going to hire unless you have some one 
oh thee practical aRts to show leai R i sss¢- È ¢$ gt gts 3 = to spear you out.” 
Hiired knowledge of details to justify any m: toj $ Hema S Boo gH H H E s I remember my late father stating in the evening — 
meddle with such topics. A Labourer. Š £82 § § 82 323 2 after he came from Kelso market in 1854 that he had — 
sc @ 
= 3 g sew |8 = ae 
ne ae A se HETO g g 
eri R Ni —No. 3 : Th ; : 
en FA MING ECONOMICS, —No. TY... es 3 so ovat tag i aetna a a | The Drainage = 
a heav: on a stiff clay soil ided it is deeply Fone iii between Edin! and Hawio sk, Kelso, and Berwi 
drained, very deeply cultivated, and the land well|: + =; 6 __ | the Was ree toss ement, the failure of Potatoes, and 
filled with good manure. hen too art on - 22> ad Bon a onge wages from 9}. to Tai pe 
he manure I have grown excellent crops. with | | Pea e given an impetus to the labour-market, 
of paan aal 2 oa cwt 3 salts mixed together, and | 8) = yege juje se ee s p ape |a disturbed | the form of paym “por in ee given rise 
sown broadcast, then scarified or ploughed in. The| 5| =| =" ~ a a roe i 
Mangel I mix with wet sand for a few days nntil l EEA 7 Several noblemen and ae class ‘gentlemen wh o | 
it chips, and then drill.it, drying it sufficiently so as cade ii ‘comparatively little about agriculture and its 
not to stick to the cups of the drill. I never miss a etails 
er in — the acreable produce of each succes- may labourers, have devoted their attention to the 
plant. Ihave now Bsns a good suppl A of sound roots | 
Table 
sive wae i 
PUFER 4 
instances where the particulars are 
E 
scholars allow thems 
and cove Sok wi ith p hae tie is more easy to grow a 
crop of Mangel than to preserve them, The nce 
the fibres have then a ttac hed to them some ‘adhesive 
in th e condition 
beng when they com up dry, pone and free 
They then in the spring appear to dry rot. 
p I 
a undesirable to let es lie on the field whe 
n 
pide The fibres and Lentin ched to them dry and | 
the gen leaves the fibres. 
Although more difeal cart off in wet weather they | 
will keep much ies and probably I shall eee 
mine just before pulling in order that they „may keep th 
earth attached to be them, if not otherwise 
elves to 
course as to write fancies e Ries Snie a 
vi ; 
those who are a see the panee system of E 
5 ES BES | oa mje an ets ro habi ‘arm labour competent f 
z = w 
3 5 is eee = ther fe re farm servant is a dreary and d monotonous 
& a = Fo A = | nough existence already without depriving — him of sei | 
Ae = or ; 
: Ssu $. : = a hirin a y farm servants wae 
ane Z 3 hare an an zea of astig together u ona 
. 1} eas s 
- y 3 z S My father was, with the exception of fi v a 
S83 s H employed as a farm servant from early hood to 
SN soe few weeks before his death. I remember 
= t ji e pleasure of seeing all his brothers a 
E mes’s Pair, on the 5th of August, which was the 
d his brothers an 
pha of all” meeting together since they were 
Me te ee _< g funeral 20 years previous 
l ns ne ext time my father’s ee 
oy mare funeral, 
aie 
 +Sapareqenty 
HOMUIOD SNOT 
f the 2 again m wnat aid 
I find p by trench- pl cri ae I mix a = It is ing apparently for those who me 
he surfa porto of the tenacious alumin a the higher w wal of Ate and for tradesmen’ of di! 
subsoil. The Mange jo pi their fibres in this, and 2 = grades tow or country to eap ar 
as we now f the clamp they are fresh| >| $ | z| 5 ER Ssg | clusion r a sti g th en ity for abolishing the prac: 
and firm, ating a wry of this moist cay attached tol £ | > ; 5 tice o hiring m ried aad le a 
them by a network of fine fibres which they have/& a (S z| ë| S BE s% market; but the « question is, how do practical agricult™, 
pushed intoit. Ithatch my er and the nearthover| 5 | 2/8 a g riata regard the public a Kapeehng the mode of i 
the thatch. A large and snecessful ining ea ofl pe 3 gkeke $S PRET buying and se ergs in er es f 
mine not only does this, p tints over the earth in| 3 / = andl Ber F mn p- By I have made the lishmen and — 
order to p its P ing wet and fr ciel ne of z/ 3 sgle se © Ša Pepe te a $ acquaintance. of Eng riag | 
the = Ngee Sneed this plan is It think to prevent the| 5) Ẹ = aag x 32 | men’s joints TE Sad aay e deriers handle ie 
heat of the sun acting on the earth in the spring and | ° s\|2|5 zE s 8= | stock i e ae I rejoice that I never 
summer, for we all w t in sunshine the earth | & : = = ore ss eard Bing E done io Kee 
attains a heat some 30 to 50 that of the a A SjEjg PS S a have seen the large square and Bridge 
the ete lelele cE è Street quite fil th and ploughmed 
cool | =| g hS n e z and the which are to be found in eve 
3 S18 S fair, but I seldom knew of hinds being asked 
i= E T 
m of ane Ea penned ear of the cla; icc, biome aaah ths blr tt ny apert 
was not registered. = sia ES = y Fg bear 1» 
mind that rusti 
Tillage a Substitute for Manure. 
