THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
| Avevsr 18, 1860. 
762 
food fi od for plants. Vai the application of guano, | crops constantly stirred with the and they on merit consideration’ in a aa 
without a comely Meets a artificial, to wash it nto allowing 1 no Opportunity for the weeds t grow port 
the soil and subsoil. What value, then, will ch y that + matters. The qu antity of water is so far o of 
ut upon a jet-fall l to a rain- increase in the productions of the soil without mate- Pipetas that. it M A F condition of- t the 
Fal (o) h, which tons: of water per rially shows that 3 t has t been dam: 
acre, deposited at the right time? The effect of aja better prineiple to employ the labour at an earlier | enables us to see that it is sailiciently pulverulent to 
heavy shower in the warm d y or June period, weeds, than wait admit of its easy application. Provided, however, th 
liki ic i t lants: no manure, how- | till the a utumn to des roy ‘them, after oa rave lived eae matters are not a an RR e, the quan- 
ever strong or costly, would effect this peg i water. | at our expense and shed aaa eed, that eans but | tity of water and sand i r of comparatively 
Water Js, in, fact, the only « carr rier òf heat downwar rds. | the Op ie fallow can be ployed to dents ty thei little moment. Looking to tho ifie matters, we 
n Hp whieh; | W o grow, less manure will Its e that in a genu A A Peru gf rr more than half 
t la b; il, be re uired to roS our ‘corn crops, and w t ht phir ra matter and a: 
= sees Nests and i aia sie a of its calor : avons X It ; containing 17 per | cent. of a ammonia ; [Stieiras 
jr 
e mt, In water 
the 
natural heat of the ar is, at A ae aiii | B. Senter, fakar oe ne pet wre ha. i 
a h ot s s day, 
Societies. 
and in a form similar to that in Chia heh exist in n bones, 
On 
pace E A Ci es kan inin 2.5 per cent. of 
p hosphori which is dha in iro ater, Rade in x 
condition Soile s to th Ai in which it 3 ound in the 
If then any 
-l i nt E f pl e 
fi is, i water performs many ta vat ts sie 3 and| HIGHLAND SOCIETY AT ie Drait res: The following 
ehekal agenciės i subsoil. sheet us rain- | are esteen from Dr. Anderson’s lecture referred t 
llast week :— 
nthe 
falls of the ‘Tropics | often 144 inches per : ai, com- A very few years ago the farmer relied closely, | 
astonishing 1 masses of vegetation. 
m 
= 
so long as he did so, the matters he had to Saas > : 
ee | were ¢ ratively simple. Long experience has ught | salts, è errat = A caused by the ammonia 
Home Correspondence. | the best method of eames a applying it. In fact being average, could only be 
Ciscer Doddor— Have you ever turned your atten- | almost all the d for this purpose terbal of phosphates 
n to th Dodd and b quanti ie ‘of other constituents 
Clover Leas—i injurious enough to pay for decided | however, that although ie T riai ons were well rete. ugh it A prana sipposed thàt the variatio 
to it. Our Beans have within the last few | known 1 to the e go ood and skilful farmer, they wo often are 80 alight, that provided t be eb iadt. to be 
b genuine its analysis is wtiipo ant. No doubt t the 
treet carelessness and waste were the Tale, A 
importers “encourage Poy wee by cha arging the sai 
specimens enclosed. J. W. Clark, Lock vey of c 
Lancashire.—The accounts of the progress | the proper management of 
in the crops in this county during the last ste rite | last 15 or 20 years, how ever, has ae a chang 
is not so cheering as I wis! p almost to a revolution, aid 
analysis but 
Revebthahs. "tiene are ve ry m steel 
di fferdtices especially, in 
m the amount of ammonia, and I 
In June last there were 20 days mor pti ar i ait m è known sa niples containing as little as 15, Ad 
ionally very ek ‘allen ent Thi t ie hich during that d has risen from neues gree others as much as 19 per éent. of that element, in ; 
the proper working of fallows and caused Tu ips to | it } tained it 7. 10s. 
be sown late, and s it t per Such differen of course, can only be 
= all. Seeger: Grass oertain y dà improve, Pat Fenn | aeee oss, t the arriet a the money rhs of tected by complete analysis; but if it is merely 
custom hardly a crop of hay mat ecured viime] bn nutes t genuine 
All corn ame -0 slowly, and with the e ex may be of some interest if I endeavour now to form some | without determining its exact quality, iti is possible to 
ba of Beans scatters to = yellow ar the sickly. te id of estim ate of “the a Egarri z = poes Kera e y arrive at this information without a complete analysis, 
uly however commenced more Sai y; 6 agi dairenin HS OR sie: DUNO NOSE oE AEA as “| and it has been customary pt ily on such simple tests, 
“secured a a great deal of the Clove hay, ¢ almost all o pestbis ay be mad Eula pe gprs teens Bo Re or even to omit altogether any means i ii —— 
5 = a rable s of old Tring to mech Board o Ceca > we 1858, that the | its purity. Hitherto the general ru uvian 
ao means cons ait of th ned for home consump- 
large. A conside Suan. old | va oe — yan Ayi ae ~ E R E g A A bee os, thoù agh Bly ee pe in h quality, ‘tate 
i spdili Ë average of 1859, which was much below this ; but, con remarka ly fi om foreign 
is spoiling. The Wheat has shot full three weeks later | ° on Lea he, it appears that we were consuming every y: ei ysis hag been 
than last year. The ears are fine, but generally the | somewhere 2,500,007. in value of guano: © Ever important than with other manures, the 
year 
oa 
piknie -elan 
er 
ery i pig rted cane "26,000 tons o 
= 3 are ae and will raes exceed an average of ; a rhe SSS Rho any cn consumed for ‘tes Sau in quality are not AALE y as 
Are gnito an average mnd Beans above, but are very | ouea AATA an anil value of 326,000 3 ate.—Te will Be understood thet the 
dirty, there. 1 time GS ‘season | Of bones | are besides rm s ied to bi - 
Í py : . i ; —_ this co of these, 80,000 tons 
them eg d fro —— r Mai tity, ote agricultural Serpeeee SES A vÀ li: ture of mbes tr an are su ae 1c ee id. The 
generally sufere: the excessive wet; the, an | and athe other half is converted into oh phosph ate rolit and r recently of Satie 
even plant and may yet crops. “Barly | find that the value of 40,000 GE of bones at bl. 2 ate on "1s nd various oder pide rh itals hd rendered: the wider 
tatoes in a few instances are rotti ing ; however at the | 210,000}, and that the value of 40,000 tons "of super, Bin sphate 4 ‘ti Thi A 
time I am writing th 11 1 e 21 ds, | 2t 7. a is 420, ooe e n reat Ah tion of coprolites annually esigua 10N necessary. n e use of these substances has 
mas . rpa poadia 2 per pounds, | cannot be TA ately estimated, but I understand it is also entailed further differences i ode of u- 
which isa remunerative price. he general ery is for | shout 50,000 tons, which yield 75,000 tons of ATO Koopt te ; | facture, sulph: of ammonia, fles’ sh, al, 
sun and hot weather to dastani per Sei makes 375,000 L ~The ‘value of the consump- sions Biber atiina substance: supp 
the n re deficient. 
crops. Harvest utider | this at 5i. 
ill 
mstances will not commence tion of sulph 
ty other a aeia a sum o 
hands for harvesting is feared s 3 some of the most e ener- 
we 
th 
fn] tht. 
the most favourable ci 
sayy e val 
3 out th t possi 
sequence. From the opinion which can ve. formed at any the country ; brination. A kind of vagne-eatinnte miigh 
present, I Soren Ps the crops a =- follows. Hay | haps be obtained fro 
under an of which will be well got. W 
a half erop of both corn and straw; Oat and Barley | Tay be ado ied. Without much. 
krepati or rather ne "hat öno-fonrth of this is iltnaby: a manure ‘to th 
above. Nothing can be said with certainty of the gr t of 10 tons wiih “faemiyard. tan: annual 
000,000 tons, po shout = 000,0 
ae gi ible, it is necessary to okie that in the an 
oait 
vat e 
exoneda ee 000,000 acres, and though this is probably abaya Be jor 
If n S ru 
di ffer rences exist in the mposition of this s man! tel 
1 
all other similar substances the ae ha acid ie 
ion w ime, a entire 
B ae k 
substances, ene only the thi 
crops at the present time. mption must be 60,0 
account of 
starved. Ni ne 
been sold at 
Stock has not done we = tt It is prababl ‘blo 
t season, and the pasture lands look at least hin age oe all the ed now used is artificial, an 
aom early in the market and has chiefly derived from foreign som 
that this estimate is too high, but it shows that phate of 
lime. 
De 
y 
d 
f the me, ‘which is exceedingly soluble in water, 
; iphos- 
e 
lime is remove’ a 
ic 
ex g 
they have the prospect of being repaid, ressed the better. 
t: e ` 
l. per ton. of 2400 lbs. i ich, by it i tracti li sith- 
Straw wili be high as many y will have to thresh out to | of ‘fertility rs not only altered the Leen peri of dra A KA the Sere id ond si 5 with ita 
on, but has placed the farmer in an entirel nt ty of sul fli find also 
ep pose that all stock during | the winter will have to be | new position. ‘'arm-yard manure vs be ae 5 ey et EY expectet tha 100 Sata: OF the ordinary 
e at a great cost. Francis Twining, Parbold Hall, | nised, te WA a other man ernal ap bone phosphate of lime contain 46 of ape acid, 
Wigan. aioe u. Food ‘a. their quality, and it is paunti and by removal ie lime it is converted into 64 parts 
a Daag all Cop cx Lette 3 to to imitato t die. Charente so nicely that the worst fof bi biphosphate of lime, still containing all the pe 
cin people being stay amd the best. To avoid the difficulties oric acid, the d terene § in weight being due tot 
_wholesom — A Ranna 1 y lled to istration of t a e valueless lime, which along os 
CRs Sar Berara ; i 12 if 10 of sum, 
ote dvantnge t really is what it is | t of'a proper proportion of acid to bones 
ing Aa EE T È be laid down | a w material, “of the phosphates 
se in m ing nto goòd |as a oat “that alysis of à manure | 1 erted into this compound but practically 
jia object of the analysis i enco :> so, and in 
- ae! ‘to enable the farmer to 
uriin the “satisfaction of being in 
th n -e 
e 
and they 
u i comparisou 
tion to benefit all classes of n di iferent s samples and ‘ascertain “whichis the 
se by large with this view, 
aah —Directing our bg ane then, in the first 
instame, to, E th 
and although we have the oppor- E 
w bones it mank = accom mplished. It 
will be anderstvod from what has be that 
the act of making t phosphoric acid solublea quantity 
of sulphate of lime i te îs TES cod, and it is important to 
m 
tun nity k ergin a largely our supply from our neigh- uvian gua e most extensively used | notice this point, beca is very believed. 
bject class, we ‘find that in its ankle WS Fli e AP 
ur constituent of all superphosphates is deliberately 
ji fa aman the mone Wate Se ren eae ‘added to th 7 I 
ae 3 rte advan! tage of bine: own le. Thete eke Orga nie matter and ammoniacal salts ve, +e 53.16 by mist me i =r te by the ve aia an ete rarely 
great advantages to be derived from the employment Ataline sts’ ee ee TA ae added to a am regain ‘and that the S ay a 
of the steam h, the chief of which is deep culture, | Sand o T, z ; : = z 166 voted to keepi 
for the expense of stirring the subsoil by horse labour ao F F 
Ammonia si at 
z Phosphoric acid 
in alkaline salts equal to 0 BABY a 
an phosphai tine 
Tt is to ac tive, i in the first ‘place, that 
sja any ót rè, is a mixture of valuable and worth- 
fa Waker akd band sand, of course, have'no'valuë, 
to 
a guano, ia a 
as muc 
