Avevst 25, 1860.] 
= GARDEN 
ERS’ 
773 
CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 
or distorted and deeply grooved or flat ome are | us ssign an use to organs, which were before « con- zoospores (assuming, with the 1 majority of botanis' he 
perfectly s nd dry, others aan ith a st IF as objects merely of vague curiosity, or | latter to be homologous to bu ds and not to eons: or 
short pile oft lvety hairs, others again are viscid, or have | admired for the gracefulne ess of their forms and the la astly, Fer ns, which are fur- 
little transverse viscid scales or prominences u the | brilliancy of their aka: p 
stem. If the observer’s attention ned oods | running through all descriptions of flowering p plants, tances, and capable of di gi t} ithont 
and their borders ra athe r t th an to meadows, nay find | but it also establishes a before unlooked-for yp tact with th would 
ther t Hie g bet e animal and vegeta ble, and thus indicates | in a manner be chained to the spot del ga was first 
tint lik ped Por pobre) though he will not be|an “ar design pervading all parts of the|prodnced, were it not provided with other (means of 
fortunate enough to see this interesting production | two ingdoms of natu > * Since | propagation than 
frequently. These plants belong to the genus! plants possess sexual organs analogous at least | the casual intervention of h agency, 
lossum or Eart f which we have pees in function those of imals, and since the | exemplified in the Weeping Willow and the A aeeie 
e commonest of all, though not the neatest or t complicate most highly organised class | Thus, whilst annuals would ecome extinct the 
n. hardl 
thi 
ne for our present illustratio 
us 
d an highly orga 
of the latter was naturally taken as the type of 
the remainder, it was concluded, that, inasmuch as the 
very frst year of their birth, perennial could 
have su urvive d long, » if left to their own unassisted 
if | thro 
only 
ough the instrumentality of ecific organs 
The Geoglossum in outward appearance | 
emb closely some of the ere 
which it has generally been arranged by authors; but 
any weight is to be given to essential structure oy | 
t be very widely separate. Clavaria has i 
GEOGLOSSUM DIFFORME, Fr. 
enti tin boeze or spores seated on little spicules, | 
pes number, at the top of — of the | 
verti fen of which the outer sur rface 
mposed | aero or 
must hold good li f plants similarly 
From an original drawing. 
8p 
which nature has / furnished for hed purpose, the same | 
seasons and perak foes, without any means of re- 
pairing the injuries eya occasioned. Hence the 
sexual organs of plants are essential to their 
propagation, although in h FOF different sense from 
that which is genera! inasmuch as their 
js multiply he meee the ch rent 4 in favour of the 
| continuation of t es, by hoarding up as it were, - 
watit the conditions became favourable, t that vital | prin- 
ie pi tir But as this explanation could not be ex- 
tended to the case of animals pos: 
or vegetable pr from tl t wh. fn or from the or 
E 
| provided. As however no one -could deny that the 
latter may in general e propagare ge hg such | 
a0 any spec e fou “os 
In the dark re a species s these | 
much elongated, | 
ag 
in in elongate 
akg roan « or T ly black, a 
apod og 
ly in bein: 
ailigtic. — destitute ot "partitions: 
blance, in fact, of Geo to 
merely external, and in 
e shall have a „further 
next 
instance of a 
e | contin 
illustration 
ungus | like 
iniy in other petani it 
arbitrari rily laid Ser vs that i plants resulting froin a | 
Popas na so r pas which had taken place without | 
| the co-opera f th mens and —s lone so 
regarded as Fbs in ‘inal. s 
uations mere rel ec 
tone A m, 
Willo: 
ws now spread over 
the me alsinastrum _ a regen 
Indeed the naturalist will not 
direction without m 
of analogy, a 
proceed fi any 
eeting with vanltitdes of. such 
and many 0 of the m h 
mis stakes w ich ind 
one year’s gro he Te fo’ 
consequences, it would oblige us 
or in m more technical phrase from merge. 
s of | 
sion o ite powers of gro 
indeed a progeny in the nem of seeds, 
ot | ay might be reproduced, as in the case of an animal 
y eggs, but still maintaining its own individuality, 
Wi 
ul the mpi of character, Vari 
ponds par | a og coe inte the eara 
organs in plar 
about by the ee sags tk mal le organ upon p 
embryo of the female. Thus, hag ag vong at all 
vie not it mayat least be ed that in 
this mod 
ale, 
inary or exclusive mode by which 
spar ies is multiplied, there the varieties are most 
rous, and vemaskable for their diverg 
isation, in comparison 
eo 
he higher orders of pg which 
spri 
alia, In the existence wich spring 
in that of a distinction 
ed 
ecun 
me saag nimes of 
with one another Kai 
outward rese mblance, much that animal produc- 
the ignorant 1 P= "need ra those who profess to teach. | 
originated t 
inom which they originally sprung, o! 
hun i of miles 
where, the form 
the 
rried | gate their kin 
away to or the species ae 
f fts o Hen 
e may at 
umniformity 
3: 
whether produced insects, - galls, or by ae 
Yolum e been dedicated 
1001 kinds Tave been ‘gored and described. 
Fal 
gra 
ence, 
from 
| Speak w 
only a 
regulated by the seer 
which s: paa been itself 
| With respect final canses it always ee 
with T aifidence, and it often cr ab us de. 
pr — —— ope which may be regarded as 
iow ely as as the of that unity of plan 
ty of me stock 
ga ana 
k 
are adapted for economical purposes. They are how- 
ation which we see exemplifie ed in 
calle d ' rudimentary organs, of no use to the plant or | 
ever so small and unimportant that they 
been heme. eomp etely passed over, though it is possible that 
some of them may be quite as for food as the 
Clavarie with which they so frequently grow. M.J. B. 
ON THE FINAL ‘OF PLANTS OF THE SEXUALITY 
animal in w 
to be necessary fi 
| Gamation, of i sae 
species. Those 
perfor nce of so 
“individual, 0 or to te 
tgs tatoo 
varieties in this manner peg he 
ieee ~~ be promoted 
the number o f originally created forms ee means of the 
ore os end 
png hich Mr. 
n himself has pointed o om tan by asrar 
hat t the Pemas i, of the ovule shall Pa pa most 
certainly, and | most effectu ually, through the agency of 
ifference in its organisation. * * ¥ 
art, I am unwilling to be set down as 
a be =| assent to this 
sess some i pi 
For my o 
which pos! occur, ral sam pal are seen |ziciding an sa sat md un 
the e specific oniri e (that all anima 
| able for the 
Univeral of races 
[At the Tat e Jate ‘Mea ng al the British “Assocation at 
Oxford er was read on subject, Sy 
reference to Afr, Darwin's work on e origin of species. | organs may n i ; 
substance having just ra in the i of -a | which yey were not ceab| 
1 hereafter 
pamphlet. (Parker, Oxford : Bohn, _ London), we lay | wants wes for Za they y conser, "ete =| “264 EP al 
1 this 7 shat ¢h, g 
e z pert have been owing to ion 
"m specify e greatest pagation of specific organs of n, can ng to expansion 
LE ION i tome vs at sten min [ot pr might n by mews o ed to — It yaa nal ma It may indeed be said that we find 
the secrets of the organisation, there would, | evident that wrpry 2 perennial plan ani a pa rie erya 
of the Se oy ee ee a ery ee sage ie vase re! yg aas e | standard that they appear to const constitute a kind of link 
Rotting — ty of Plant the entitled to | rg poem for me agg) = i 4 th |b Cee ae the Deibe. Pockios, E 
