oerovex 6, 1860.] THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 899 
m a ae 
rls E bere aT comes ot enacts aeea aa 
verflows its banks Paige heavy summer rains, dri ite rushes, &e. and per as practised b; by the oppos o ition a ent, s t al 
iS A is covered with a film of alle. “the paana awen y floods—nor is ; this all. and invites by w iako Gaa rre pee ne 
which hinders the springing There are other impediments natural to the stream. | however, the weather has at present prevented. ‘Two 
r of the , Grass. on the latter the erop ag in +9 pee vers subject to floods have a tendency to shift y 
ig seriously a on To illustrate the extent of the rse, As the current sets on a bank and washes it|one of them the agent has mak failed to done 
first, many years since a considerable tract of sn ow pei the “debris” accumulates where the reflux and | decent work; the other is still w. ped for the trial, 
near Faringdon iia covered by the vegetable matter | eddy causes a comparative stillness. In many places the | Another reaper in the vicinity has cut a good dea a 
macerated by the wearing and jet, of the flood | Thames in the memory of man or Senet the limits-of| landed proprietor in a slovenly style that no tenant 
ter into a bro n paper. Aj|recent tradition has changed its be that is now | a would tolerate, but there is capital stubble left 
tl } t d q which was once water, and pe versd, The | for the proprietor’s partridges, The destruction of the 
es 
er, to show g pp 
hl An af thi, PRR 5 ET 
+ 
au as 
Ee orii 
s prog of. accumulation is as follows. Suppose a Clover by Eom little yar wheel would be very serious 
tl rush bed sloping to the stream: this is gradua ally silted | i a dry se _ The mposs ibility of doing anything 
aghs 
pin 
some might “ent be found lint as poe mot dpa and up, the accu! umulation goes on ina ater ra 
as tokens of the effect of a protracted flood. Inthe year | water’s edge and leaves à depression Peki it, Willows | at the ides i one reaper, a few miles off, has 
1853, immediately pnt nt nati. rainfall and Osiers are planted on this newly formed bed, and | regularly; Eren the Duke of ——, close by, has used 
of the preceding autumn, when 5.11 inches in excess of | the water-way is permanently narrowed. ads hors e day, five changes of three each. Of 
average was atena at the Oxford} The formation of ice at the bottom of the stream rse ro pein horse requires an extra driver. Asa 
atory in the mo nths of Octo ber, No vember, and | another cause 0 obstruction. The groun ndi ice when it rale, taking one day with another, 10 acres would be a 
December, and 1 under the influence of the sun 
Committee sat at Oxford under the presidency of the gravel to the surface ; these masses float down e I shoeld put the pe er thus :— 
late la ament ted Mr. Phi ee eae’ to consider report | a eam till they in certain localities and ion an, 5s. 6d. ; he ie -. 98. 6d~ 
Thames. A arkaa | the natural Hedlin ‘This ice does not usual seed B hows, at's. 6d. ou + p- 2 
10 we 
also held at Fari don to consider the mischief | ex a te ture below 20°, as in Rear Extra iip geting trough en, wig orn, d, 
from: floods aie the aber part of the river. It 1857 and De December 1859. The costliness of works on ae TOE aiaa iced PIED Me Hs 
appeared that i in the Faringdon district, extendi he difficulty a engaging proprietors in a 
about 10 miles from Lechlade to Newbridge, at least | common action, are hindrances not easily overcome. | Or about 3s. per acre. Of course I am very liable vi 
1000 acres were Aee by the flo ods from Se eptem mber Yet we are not without an example of the manner in | correction on this point, not having worked it for 
1852 to Februa 1853, to th ich tl Il tl ere 
l culation proceeded to | tion, may be efficiently and permanently improved by a | the machines are doing well, but I thi nk - Uhere is 
sum up the aie petite Tand as 12,000 acres, the | a at Bk ee ag of Jabour. In Windsor Home ponies enough to show that they are not yet perfect. 
soe required 
value of T yoga Si ag eased by improved water | Park en the Ae i ctoria and Albert Bridges, the | I do not give my be as itis n 
way 10s. per acre. further? Stated that much te vid the ‘Thames ive been, u nder the direction of | ae o praise the reapers, ow of one case in which 
more land, tobat siy "aetoally covered by water pr is financially mage ont fcr their 
would greatly improved by any material red suceess, A Would-be Reaper. [A known 
tion of the flood level, because the under Gretage Formerly er were in a che Gira and broken condition, | sponden 
is impeded, if not altogether prevented, by the | subject to Kit nap ig at ne Brits and undue = 
flood water standing in the ra into which | ace cae = at anoth Fro n open fence abont ; Soctetieg 
the drains are cut. The ‘injury here spoken of|25 feet from the water idge, th they rh y a sidii 
applies in a greater proportion to “Ox ordshire than to spe begimning with a true inclination for about two~ | 
. Berkshire, but these facts could not well be omitted in | thirds e space, then presenting a slight ae Br M: Sewage Manwre.—An interesting con- 
speaking of the river with reference to the agriculture’| nearer the ween With a total fall in all of about 6 feet. | horace il lately. took place on the invitation of the Mayor, 
of the county. Thus no salient point is presented to the current, an een gentlemen arming in its ee came men 
The remedies suggested were, first, a plan proposed | the gradual inclination gives an increased to the | of science interested in Agricultural 
by Mr. Saunders of os comprehending = oe of | rising waters, which here pass smoothly and silently | public spirited men who like the Mayor himself wished to- 
e, and having refer the ry | between the banks, which both Lee pb = the os | see the accomplishment of anything a publie 
condition of that Epara cf city, pmen a wi We have thus a practical example of t sp | health and pre Sopro The nae which more 
of 14,0002. ; and si paint! a plan for erangi the of the main outfall of the draimage of this ony the than any other combines these. two objects, viz, ie 
existing water-way by Mr. T d in drawing attention to it, | utilisation of Town sewage. 
Thames Commissioners, at a cost of 40002. Nothing up | we take leivo of the father of English rivers as it quits | _ Mr. Lloyd, the Mayor, said that in Birmingham they 
to the present time has beer done, the ae from | the Royal county, 
1852 to the end of 1858 has — er the average ; , &e,, were collected, and after it had anes 
therefore th rs little d, and ‘oni sited a the filtering beds, the gy AA 
not so keen an interest taken in zit aaa sa Pcie Hom e Correspondenc Birmingham turned = down the Tam auch 
from the very erin prey an f the ae e eai Reaping Machi, —My experience poe reaping: as they had, hes o reason wh i it Should not, 
a main outfall above Sandfor which as hee I the | machine this a is as follo oR bolt trikita from | instead of being turnod into the Tame, be carried along 
apii nidio rhood of oz fc = st ittle nd wheel stops from | the banks of the o, as to enablo fa mers to hi 
confined! water-way, we proceed to trice e course ¢f are ill adapted for what they have to do; the] yet been supplied Sean kingdom. 
the pole snaps : at the ae ni “where the yoke fits on, and | they became aware ot the immense advantage which 
from: Lech to Sandford the river finds its bed i had pora its arei in other ] — it would be for’ 
Elm. ft ] 
J 
landow: w addresse 
middle ootte, poi andor he "rection potion im ser lend a hand inh elping to on 
Clay, t turme:th the diirai of the tron sand at Culham, | of the a = nt for its sale, mission T presu ll | the same results here. Mr. Lloyd then swe statements 
touches ee oe t Clay at Long Wittenham, whence | goes pretty well on a plese PoF ‘ar ‘Tigh htest per) callout showing the result of sewage irrigation burton, 
it passes over a shelf of the Iron sand in the bed of the Oats, except that all round there is a line of stalks not | Malve rn, Ma stl, Edinburgh, | tugby, &e. “nro pend 
return he Ga which the 
vi 
enters on the er Greensand near its junction with | precisa wledge as a defect t, and plains that I 
the Thame stream, and finally enters the gorge in the | particular. In an honr he leaves us, men seer is Gosport wy i Mr. ‘Wheel bb oe Trdington Hal, 
Chalk at Moulsford, which forms its bed till it passes to | satisfaction at the r Piranen of the eing dep 
the London and Plastic clays as it leaves the county, |In a few hours more po Oats are rather er | 55 acres, his loss on two years’ crop was 4007, This, 
of which throug! Hand inclining a good deal, we get on “toi "i he considered, was in itself sufficient to mduce the 
limits. As the carrier of the drainage of so large a frequent stoppages, and Pe läst it takes three or four | farmers along the valley of the Tame to take the 
a. ‘Thonwe| matter into their serious consideration, and make 
ghest interests of iculture. With the ex- m Barley, nice fair cro , With a good pis of arrangements for sharing in such obvious advantages, 
ception of the district above Sandford, the damming of Onr EAN The kpe is ral set roto to} Mr. Adderley, MP, said he was sure he need not 
ill a ; pee little | the instructions, easels o where the angs at} waste time in expressing that which ev must 
injury on the land which it ae ways must |all away from the achi oer We s eaei five per in| feel—their great sense of the public spirit which had 
bring down flood waters from » On so trying alterations èf the reel and the platted use- | induced Mr. Lloyd to bring them together. The 
meridge and Gault Clays. That * the floods less kia and give it up; then write to the gum to tell | Mayor had no private object whatever. He saw that 
accelerated by agricultural drainage is beyond dispute; him the coreg but get no answer for more than a |a great public might be perp and he felt as 
the effect of this on the perennial flow of the river as| week. Meantime a neighbour, also an cea for ‘the | sirs Englishman holding - a high a d distinguished 
derived from igi are the Oolitic, Greensand | reaper, hears that there isa stoppage, and ki indly g to do all in 
or chalk formations, as the power to have this object carried ou t. He appre- 
drift, is not so easily determined but the artificial | for two three hours. By this time the corn was mw that the question oe them that day was 
dois of moorland such as Ottmoor and other riper, <n cuts a little bei but the reel will not | what the ey were to do wit ith the rar fs of sewage after 
ust run off bi wasted er wi ithi n shorter limits | bri ing the laid corn upright, a 1 tubble | 1 main point to 
state of nature. 
rd ley 
H 
Ht 
E 
g be considered, therefore, was r pre value of this 
inthe Oolitic or Chalk formations, which are the chief | the Cl y friend i isa brillient theorist, and. con- | overflow for agricultural purposes. When Rugby was 
pipe the no | referred to, it 4. thomtso:depollethih shak tione neat 
itself was applied to 
be affected b drai by the coerce that on a farm ther ere is 
be spri ngs wast, that the the st is quite as well on 
smoovie vien tar ed by denime? | n the stack oe ahaa the lone ay wilt 
dimini: 
inish t d grow ie eer At 
perennial’ Pt daar Wire are coe by e |spront am a ton of that “ae s hhc 4 ewt. of guano, | what 
the a nnn tae EADAE Before the decrease of | and the heads of Barle events the ee rage 
many improvem re bg 
made in the system of turning the water for ay er When in due time I am favoured with a a reply from 
and the use of mills. The sh sre tackleas it is named | the agent who supplied hen eaper, he has taken quite shoul 
} . 
k for hi 
1} om “refuse to cart ng more to to t 
. | with it, but will 
hen these arrangement r are oem water-way is | bi Peg ae A fe days after he calls on r 
irs fitted with | remarkably bland and affable, h } ting 
es u UAA tract p me of his aeei ee sewage, and converting ‘it into eap portable 
Sed odaia "the T take v with h fixed inake splendid wo ork on the ` Wheat, | assures Teea iene hap Arte i pear 
