THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 1047 
of se Tham t deal of low lying land | determine the identity of the surface drift with the 
PA „Whence it has been driven 
a its chemical iia mts. We have dwelt longer 
at, fais utely o point because deat 
fer of the far ot Bh! of Ay 
geologically identical with 
NovemBrr 24, 1860.] 
I speak of the subject : as a whole, which I will now do 
ncisely 
My Taye before said my remarks will’ go to show Spat 1 in 
al arterial river may be pot in that state which w 
and rhe te ead 
mes there is a gre 
rt r 
herbage, and the arable land kept in a foul | an and m 
i ein. li e 
an if f thought hipaa G Diuc the 
“improve the navigation. I- 
riv er 
sraighiond where necessary, "and embanke d to enable 
rry off th ; well as t een. sand. 
of | It is the > drift, be i its e constituents the same or not, that 
vent the dai 
sary of the Gra 
This s done „the next important Ste would be land, or 
r. floo 
ape hri in the | cutting open d 
at high wa! ater This district i is ill Aihe with water, except 
r, mills across the 
direction of the river far enou. t efficient, r 
long the 
mark, , sufficiently wide to carry 
ff d taken down in the 
from 
ponds and the streamlets oe, rough it, which have their 
regard- the chalk or An att 
a ain 
: o n 
not, it Hay Ps Pe Scores with proper attention; then | but comnerba anc 
in i ing, the hig 
o be 
less of “any division of pari rishes, oF other obstacles, will 
ent left the mills a 
power, aad eu 
uld be erected to a itaet 
extent, but EAN iPM, pers. all the 
water could ie: beam m ployed o 
refera! aa y 
weirs were x abo! 
tinued in vg 
s 
open drains 
would not ti 
ia 
ey been cutt ing particularly large, as they 
rains, wher 
main stream, their 
weirs would of c a Ma 
ap wi mills are erected: Ar 
of weirs, ib would be 1 necessary to make it compulsory 
| mill må weirs. ` At the lower end of these drai 
they empty themselves into Beri 
| to succe 
oolitie ‘Tock. A comparatively cheap een 
ing a shaft from 
especially phen the floods are on the meadows; this 
ould nece: sitate the commencing | the succeeding 
come 
summer floods and the Weri of width and 
y sink: 
60 to 100 feet, half. way between the Station and 
Stamford, where the clay would pr robably not | be more 
ree ait 
one a short Aitaa on the upper side, but having no 
lea vel ne tho land adjoining, thu 
LA I — no doubt pay well for the sa ‘that is, 
&e., | pro ovided it is properly laid out, and _ economically 
a few feet of the, rea: ae is however might be 
reduced toa alen n by an examination of 
the locality, eat its ern conditions, 
Mayor spe cake £ this ar a Sangi land as pros 
of 
"D? 
into the ri 
EES emptied in at 
this their 
again d | muc $ o m the improve stale of abe. PAINE, They 
approaching al Suis cl n the river, then again | might nthe: safer a little m the cent ds | 
ee eo and SAA ee alternately throughout its being kept ae within i fhe ano bey the: ould 
+} py: ee ry 
portion of wha t no w flow 
they would lose a small district of water, as a small | or augmented more n 
ducing 1000 + chees ually a total of 
F how ‘yr bie dika i om “be man tained 
ave no means of ju Butter 
cans to London; the arable; en which answers 
| to tha t kn nown a TAA and double Gloucester, is ma 
ae 
all tb ivers more or less. Now this formation, if not| on the meadows M Sere the water at hen mill 
actual y beneficial, is not : all detent al to flooding, | tail low 
oe at shows epiainly where the d Id | 
rected for the 
wW 
for the Londo other me-of the : 
farms have arable land attached ti them, Mi ch enables 
o iy gt j supply themselyes with straw, and 
r thei p T k of e 
e Sya A which is 4 short distance aoao ots stock. E o pero > Pae ntirely 
a the % ESRI ent of these wide tracts of nder rass aan a portion 
meadow land, so as to turn ter out on. eac THE: fa reve om OF BERKSHIRE, s ber to feeding, wed whieh oo scythe. is 
either side in proportion to the quantity of. land excluded, the remainder — for fe rns its after 
o. oded, ai then at the t f e # diwatOLt tau tee a, OM LONG WITSENEAM: || Grass being fed. The: f remises of cow 
turn again. to its course, only again to be thrown (Conga acl p. 1028. yards and stalls, IE Ag: Made Att Oba oF or a The 
ut again and often as as necessary, The Pa THE VatE,—The Ae a ment of the farms on ad dairy is under thesame roofas the dwel eling honaa,og.alose 
hrown up to h t} green sand, ‘detailed las it; it is fitted w: ith the cheese presses, chur copper 
d overlai ti aoe cheese tubs, leaden milk rant all kept with 
er 
Tune 
> Again 
anataya NE } a Grass upon the sheer ook is SN of a coarse sour 
not | character, much. some as, especial 
HRR o T etal 
f the banks which w: ill Torn “carry, ani 
land is ihe gher tans the riven, as is often 
an it is towards the middle of the meadow, i wii questi 
2 bis. a ang water more regularly ser 
ant step ts vias 
ZBE 
BES 
“> 
the | till th ei 
en 
aR us s cleanliness The 
which t 
oom above 
is ea yita shales. baon A zangal 
t 
aa 
aspec! 
| kine of the 1e Si breed, as. mu home 
bre d, valued me p ae =e, dates qualities than 
h tw 
pon 
mport to take is the 
If weirs are erected | geologically Pe ‘the “analt a and Aammend ge c 
river, suffers substantial to turn the whole of | gault, which I the h, is marked by j 
fe 
ir hi or three heats a ted bul 
of th Lt 
P Ae. * 
the per for gees purposes, this division may be | 8 oe which eae Neils its P ala; it i he: 
carried higher than’ where, the floods reach at covered by the chalk and green san AR rift, 
present; this division j is to be a 
the bank to Biaced on its loer or, meadi ow. 
wa 
it was t 3 fee 
ing on the strong Age easily drainabe, a fertile si 
ier 8 plough or in El R cribed as useful f 
fe Pas ng, for which 
Tali with ccess, as by the late Mr.. Findar, of 
ote and Mr. Joseph Phillips of " Ardington, 
of late 
side, to 
c: 
a generally ees Co 
Ep & 
2OaRT Saw 
"The soo ia k, equal 
he cows in “number, 5 ym 
will carry, ore ai of the heifers 
= 
z 
© 
a 
2 
r4 
© 
pd 
®© 
& 
a. 
© 
Bg 
“_ 
ae 
a 
athe 
[za 
A 
oa 
> 
x] 
@ 
3.3 
es 
eh 
eed are fed on 
mi Trag qualities of the ok 
sk if. well-bred. and. large-fran 
s Jers sent 
ie 
Vall, 
ealers 
or with ir calves at 
years has 
the ee lists of the Smithfield „Cottle, Show. 
richer meadows are foun 
jae 
calvi the’ 
aie EEE they s mid ted and fatted: 
pes the ee | The ri 
hig with a sl 
ss? jun 
ight, Tactnation of surface 
ction wit pa lt 
e gau 
ire “refuse of the me i is consum 
y n of so 
ee the ph over er thm for as I have 
efore, it is the reg w, of ‘water 
sti ith seyeral r escarpments angle 
P fe rise, eit it thins e ae the tone near 
Stanford, where it overlaps the oolitic rock _beneath. 
cient to enable 
trouble and eanan 
very 0 often bas od: mates, Eriein fort ha ee wea of art. 
wol rk of the farm, The 
5 
the condition here noticed is 
sba chalk and green sand dri ift i in some sp Pen 
certained de ps of at least 3 feet, though generally 
top of one of these ,escarpments 3 
nd 
landowner, to quiet, a somewhat | 
<1) +1 
eral ti al saving the hay crop ; once it so raise 
sold oe the 
“22 Pee mh shm x2 
SF nes 
iol 
nt pastures, as the cows are milked by men, each 
ee i: om rs co’ = on. their return from-the pasture 
ing a and 4 As Se afternoon. Early 
grea ju dgment 
h. he 
ped witha po of This aa so well d 
occupiers of the PP d call it grovel though. it consists 
almost entirely of mts of 
avy of some person whose hay was spoiled, Ser 
sluices were opened by night a and the w r,l t inbe she 
meadows. I mention these ings utte 
pelamesnoy s Sat ler oneness! ral cio 
GER 3; SUPPO; ported | y the iron arm of. natu 
i must now return “to 
consider th e drainage of 
ing up . Itis the nd imiotinl furrows so e: 
oining the meadows, ‘which, I Hes between wind ond the margin o the i 
water, as it may be term: peo more of | Sey frial 
ated. e 
1m. 
fragmen 
Aa es cannot. be | carrie 
a oar willin to 
he same time : s 
and g 
t least 2h ert to Man mee th of 
‘of| the nearest escarpment of the latter stratum. A close 
P p Pals 
halk and green sand | to the success of the i 
rubble with a few small tipia, These See ivea | regularity are Bni krge ps n a 
is li ury an 
the family ms making chee e d: 
Je aehan and | ont in athens 5 carried 0 
in the ae a nana of pmb: 
man, as sleepiness, care, and 
e e of 
h palne gems a 
Heat eam of the 
e | the notice of the agricultural PESAN ya vil ste | 
the peoblan < of its Agee Mg) op 
of the. soil tò bis footstep, the Ki 
ib, € 
but it i to 
Tiig shake of the bradh that mas R is, oe no mer wih il 
ona woe lames i in their case, that it is al 
Point out med 
the soil de 
Kimmeridgi fs ; Eae it laps over ee 
ge lags whore area he aber 
ese 
eB 
PE 
F 
= 
tose who s 
nd being done. It is well known that on t 
adh asily enforced by 23 
afer from theif an which I shall recom- 
he 
tions and somite as bringing 
banks! various beds.of the. s stratum, aud when, at 
5 n t 
surface the ‘surface, ioe as in other localities, the 
a loss to | obstruct. ti the drainage. The oolitic beds rise, Sate 
