„ Deceupen 15, 1860.] THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 1115 
have | to pu at up with a solitary sleeping apart wher children pi p g themsely advantage esources—not induce, as 
the mother, ret boys and the itis Tera gen Masters ‘aoe an immi: wer in their hands of Tanoeacihg 
oa Pa destruction of bat mon decency, and consequently | agricultural shtenweast me power i the advantages of educa- is too often the case, reckless expenditure s and waste. 
to the detriment of moray. A correspondent in South tion. Let them ai. it distinctly understood, that a child | While on the subject of wages, I venture to hope that ere 
Zincolnshire says, “The poor are pre retty well provided as} must be able to read and write before he will get employment, net ie ‘ee iera of “wages in kind” will be abolished. I 
vegards home ace ommodation, though ‘generally their houses | and that in the case of adults, the best work will be given to | thro t this su, egestion with considerable hesitancy ; for I 
too small; and a family is at all a large one, | the best educated, and! the labourer will soon learn to vee am Á well aware on the ci ig ed et the practice, and of the 
ontinuance 
appears to e that the fairest Yer i s to pay services in the 
t leanai coin of the realm, ehh the gad ar. to do just as he 
h rePP ib as ye pleases with his wages. None of us, I take leave to pia 
mdent, ‘‘cottage accommodation has be diy | that distinct and peculiar species of knowledge useful | would like to be paid in the way rin whi ch some of our 
sA b PAES $ : f Ha ily avocation. gri oor are paid. There is 4 a species of consi are ant a fo 
cal is, i i i 
fi 
p O! 
orses on the farm. Theunion of parishes has done aw: eral ignora amongst la * 4 
the practice of pullin, » down ¢ cottages, or bot pi ing new ones, | first principles of the art which gives them subsistence. At ail saga of two, but this or none— D s choice” truly. 
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propinquity, their health and morals become tainted, and | incompatible, let us ho ope for the rap He realization of the peia] which 
re-act fearfully in various ways on the interest of both landlord when much of its mechanical ann ery 8 sha’ 1l be don e by 
and tenant: A suitable pr id imp: d modes tA in 
ui e propo! if the simplo gr ple of paying money for services phi 
ould be attached to every farm, and at least one-eighth of an | work of human sinews shall be paar by the untiring | adopted — rural district: Ci 
acre of garden ground will tend much to the comfort and | aid of the steam-engine, and the Hofectating of the body the subj eh of wig: while on the one hand gladly 
` morality of the labourer and his family.” ‘‘ One of the great | of the labourer from dull and dreary shall leave | seeing the better and daily bettering position oi 
existing evils,” says & correspondent, referring to the state of | him free to carry on prodee dema: pain: See of Skill labourer, I regret bitterly to see on the other a desire here 
| matters in West Suffolk, ‘with the poor man, is a want of pro- | and a wider exercise of his intellect, than is leo ati iia and there, on his. part, to introduce the baneful s 
; cottage accommodation ; the miserable home, with but one | case. But, whatever peice ang is, it shou! Td t, I con “ strikes.” Wherever this unhappy tendency is seen to develop 
j Baom and the sitting-room, is most prevalent; and you | that which has reference to the Caltivation oF me seit: bed i itself—and I much fear tl that its development will, if things 
o my travel through parish after parish, and scarcely find a | powers only. Ido think that the present tendency of guei Si 
cottage pomena three bed-rooms ; and so long as that is the | tion is 5100 much ae the wrong: pisi S g up the polis 
case, however desira atic the father of a family may be, or! the pith of the man pan y egloc an vig 
however n hudh he may educate, we ee „never find i | requires Lega E, S well as fe 
al 4 recti S 
| pront diffic sity As veut i rate of viidi modes of pay- 
z ion, c and 
greater good would have been effected.” ‘‘ Generally,” says a 3. iia HIRING OF THE SERVANT. Seo ot nd, A el back upon pa a given aean in nE pages of 
pl tal pt Lge «i E Bae od ea ae ; I now proceed to the next department of my paper, | = xs wan e 
writesa Bedford correspondent, ‘‘is greatly improved in this | in which we glance at two of the eset scat by 
t mli i t downs i 
5. RECRE. 
opose very briefly t to mi to the recreations of 
aic 
Mortini or waiting masters, these bettie ‘hittbg 
or | Mar. kets and statute fairs. In Scotland, hiring or feeing | eo labourer, 
| 
for s spending his spare time. I regret to say that, sọ- 
far as I have been able to ascertain, wines facilities are 
anita! VE + few. and not always of the best character. T 
n ter o Ser 
| months’ absence, drinking is carried on, and ies dine vicious | able in amount. ur, if righ tly directed, s' 
scenes’ enacted. Tho agrea of this no po He ber: give to him who exercises it, not only wherewith to 
cho deatfuction,- of fal ral an, ue feeling, n commenced against. these mar : vide for tl the rest and the 
7 cussion 
‘a 
80 th in doubth go n n M 
oe Se) oubtless a great array of facts, very dreary and melan- is 
per that we Aa e worst accommodation ; still E some | choly, inasmuch as they show the evils attendant upon Bed. s gratitying Aha abi gardem an tigen ot baph tga 
he pes larger r domains there h n ed Sh at era t mter si> | these meetings. Farbe it from me to ignore the fact that syatenie, fl the Teadingiroomi the’ itiWerting libritea: thb play 
lanig baiia a a meis ential these ore exist, or to in any way detract from the importance)| sounds, &c., which are rapidly harao common thro nighout 4 
aia loliehaviio gs: ae Teng, oe ofthe measures which propose to get rid of them; but it| the country, will in time offer to the labourer recreation. of a 
39 Lake gi sia pi = a D ap) one th is a in the mode i ich re gba Ady aa ees rg A 
erecting © peat va eir estates, where good an fare ® | dis siara Priuk k z refer specially to the point which | stimu i u igher positi The difficuli 
sleeping acco sre sp md every convenient requisite for a | they generally a mely, that all SA evils are inherent attendant upon a right solution of the question are nu 
ih gh n to be oe p= let tothe labourers at gee se iS in hee system, that iti is in overs way bad, and that it t by | i ao that ahima anid af 
SD pa D he hara caian ho ikea ear Pate aa ; 
system is universal”? simply. give opportunity, an aii a adiis mit, supp! 
L 
; 
Pa en Rtas Bed 
Ragland ane Scot 
eeriieetitigs | pT 
yin great 
erous 
pohar Ani a7 t I foresee one way in which these 
can bo ii pitt overcome; and that’ Y 
nd the b It is the 
{pow fig “thet won = P ditermifie. tis | the introduction of sectarian views; 1 moan the re 
Ea Slt tata a's ha of aE eS Tinchy ich eee 
; environed with di J 
Pits jat 3 po 4 i 
a the condition of ae i ag ee 
tiduse accommodation may be described in one sentence Rep eae tap n evils On | wo 
Iuiprovement. is of iig on, but going Bist ie > Badly pryd a shim > mont paf distinguish G agricuitarists in. ation 
aeee poe cottages, with Ueficient in his own neighbourhood, ks so Tii Irons, mbal prejudicial to 
eceomm| “og “are oo regent, S gvd cottages too rs and men. red axl ea 
seldom, miét with.” before IT this ana 
ment of the su joc a b Be aie me toa to two 
n connection wit 
a 
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ea 
unto you. 
You am oth fe nob to him Wf sin” These are the touc! 
ae *atfecting him or Tease ected by him, either f for the eae me’ AAA AIAR ENT aa = bt jae 
he to being 
l 
The first‘ of ti 1 he i sa oe 1 free in what: er's 
called “ close pari a hte,” wii ottage building, from the worse. He will do something to excite your | bars of poder me gold. I confess SAAT Ca tootsie 
on of the u law of cettlemient’ » tas not Bests carried pitied T, or fot ‘ied ae his' wrath, without the most judicious countrymen. I should like to see the landowner and the 
of having the cottages of Sid pehoubes rs at a distance from their | Selection. man I let it ; an et | master both vie as to who should do the most in fulfilling the 
ork. 1 read i ntry newspaper a a inne t to'| have always fad "the r of service hoose from. I have | high requirements of their ; but I would not the less 
e effect that a farm aren So many years had walked so | Seldom any changes, Shilsthese who go to the market getn like to see: the labourer do his part, by th of a cone 
aany thousand miles to and from his work. For my part, I | Servants almost ev: regards the ‘‘statute faits” | tinu mprovement to raise himsel he scale. 
an searcelyfind terms strong enough to denounce the suicidal mops” in England, the same opinion pretty generally | I foresee great things for our rural labourers n this union 
lly and inhuman absurdity of this system hall | prevails, as I have already expressed in connection with hiring | of effort shall be ied cbiateity dat —witen the endeavours 
say, and how shall I characterise tha en giyen | markets in Scotland. © Much of what can be said on both si fthe oie ~~ be ai y the anxieties e Cote of d the 
th sides of the eed, for not buil proj accommo- | Of this subject is nearly comprised in the following extrac p oth shall be en aa eet ew backward steps 
=} “ation on every farm for the labourers who assist in its culti- | from one or two re Ï have received on the subject. “There | fn that pa ath which Cn alone lead to true individual 
vation, namel: use it does not pay?” As well and as | has been,” says one, ‘g great desire to pa an end to those | and real national tness. 
E Thee 1a might nator refuse to build a fem bolding D ng ete Oh oe po E ers. yaro no [After ject and’ on the 
0 er conduct of t 8i grea vice, are al e Py 
s bein dd ecessary prop: I tt h evil, and tend to make unsettled in their | means which the labou securing comfort 
i 2. EDUCATION OF THE LABOU aae S E A tar the Aat viie d aoe in old age, Mr. Burn then referred to the difficulties in 
‘ > u! e is z Py 
; Time will not permit me to do more > than merely | alteration has been so lately made, that the effect can scarcely way, and concluded with a short acconnt. of 
glance at the = ding features ia this et sti de- | be stated at present.” As regards the comparative utility of | attira labour on the Continent, to which we must 
ent of agricultural economic e testimony is a statutes and registers, a ri oaie who while | refer hereafter. | 
enouncing statutes as ‘* most serious evils,” states that * P; tho 
oi ar a plete, t that an ordi roar y. "ranches of educa- hirers generally want more servants than one, and m rer tl Hip’ 
tion—reading and writing—are generally T the | succeed at the registry office, so ee attending the sta a i the Annual Root Show of this 
easy reach of farm labourers chi ildren ; ; more specially | Another thing is, they se e the servants and their late ape a | Society the e long Mangels were in vE far superior to 
in Scotland, and t | a ae same time.” ‘The doing away with the statutes, he e| the ein hes quality bein; g abou t equal. The Swede 
her says, “‘i 
a s mainlyi } asters— 
chial schoo! s system gives oo Esni y all cline is mainly in the hands of the m om for if th ey 
Evidence, peretii is not the less convincing, that an is 
Turnip e generally exceedingly g A remark- 
ble Swede Turnip, boven Mr. Joseph Rand, 
fone p „exists am: eena pate eena thoiri i ] ) È solitar 
criga 1 school as soon as can obtain work—no cleviyusoari oy tind F 7 1e së ing bei c 
A Ss emt naw Ap et Mian wig erred tay eiaa ear p E Bom pare of bye gel, ad pee Meg er been 
aides only partially educated—iu some cases'so partially, | be urged inst the system, Its-use is und ble, its abuse eposited Sayre Pints ass 
that the lessons , Ln eee ee ie iaa to be regretted, and very easily reform. ‘he gru: Seer in the natural way, and a better 
that they shortly: escape altogether from the young men and WODE O congtegating for stich a purpose must! tion’ of root has never been sho tan 
ruth then:seems to be, not that education is so ordie t to iu ieai e lead to immorality; any gathering of such a kind | There was an extraordinary one 
attained—although we do not ignore the’ fact, thata vast deal | for any other purpose would, I presume, haye'the same ‘effects f Miss 1 Pio 
is yet to be done nationally before education can be obtained by | Here, if there were no statutes, they would still congregate orward: ed by Row es of ck 
all—but that the time’ to allow of the education to be com- | and have their holiday; and sly? sone = not? Miny|18lbs. The Cabbages 
or east carried on to @ use e, cannot be | farmers in a g nake keep from : 10 to potted eee m2 them Mie of great se t AE the 
g m. Di farm-servants; if there were no sta Ww 
bie been commenced, fan tor ite aten they to be obtained? A register-office farce. We already cussion Me. Postans, a +a 
che establishment of the “half-time system” in rural districts, | know that such a system is the curse of the present actiains ot | pre gee s of Mangels shown—12 acre 
ea is borrowed from the manufacturing districts of Lan- pe ting hous kani servants, and with ploughmen it would be , and he divided them 
Sixes. 
i ere, by Act of Parliament, not onl: . | incaleulabl, ie i i 1 tons L ; 
vented from working in a mill under 13 years meme | eit 4, Wag: pro their “ about 16} yt he pre te 
tending sc At and havis ae We see There vn ee no doubt ot et influence which tl rt ce weight of the six heaviest pieces with their 
uch in, favour and little against this plan. If edu an’s wages exercises upon his position in | tops was about eo tons a cwt.—without their tops 
wor rh av h 3 25 tons, Mr. Jamies Norman's, of Shy 
ving ai aball; it is worth while to make such arrange- | societ Tt is is very are to think that in this | ab 
g ink that in this | about 
will E e Roni pat "ted dane: et sition is wonderfully improved. | weighed 44 tons 3 owt. “meg wae 
education’ so little as: to’ pre- | But roche wages. should bring on the part of the! | growth. ` He (Mr. Postans) had curiosity, ee Wane 
