1154 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. > [Drome 29, 1860. 
nd yet “ev was something very charming in theyzan animal—a question which, notwithstanding all ; hibited speci specimens of Goodyera repens from Banfi- 
studies of the old rar bočanists There was more | that has been said on it, still remains undecided; | shire 
: d b ontaneous 
ve s set | for, lik isti fford 
work ; and many a bo ak even now looks back with | motion, all the other differentia which have tee from _, COANWOOD Reravive.—The 11th annual meeting of 
pleasant memories to his return from his day’s exeur-| time to timé assumed as decisive wiil, a 1 £ this sa was held on thé 8th inst, 
on, w is and to the | examination, show erage gee: to be! more or pty detec After he usual preliminary arrangements Mr. Charlton 
facilities which his flora afforded him, of deter mining tive; some by wa of universality, while others— | of Boron, read the annual report, ate a i a 
the name of ever¥ species, an tl I d a 
e economy of nature. Hy e Linnean nyatonn a dee mes roo nae and universal distinction—are ze in Fr is it i that the i the past ye year 
beautiful as it was, and even marvellous its | many cases incapable of application, and pov had been:—From members? adadin tiok 21. 85. 9d. ; 
ingenuity and its eficiency í Hie the yara at which it helping w us over the difficulties which are pA E dbhations, at total, Hi 3s. 9d. The disbursements 
aimed, was yet inadequate to the wants of science. | occurring to us in our investigation of the Me for the same period :— ier Ps 3s. 8d.; coals and 
New revelations toa an pi be di C ioa ; affinities yt of organised existence. The whole question s | candles, 11s. sa Pitan ic s. 11d.; leaving a defi- 
of morphology; garding whic the innean | indeed rst an open one, and T have ventured thus to cleney of 21. 1 To cover tis, there was a suf- 
system was silent ; and gradually but surely a revolu- | allude it as one to which the attention of t the K e hands of the treasurer from last ~. 
yea gain “wed number of members last 
the natural system in |.with advantage, ` The “following communications were | yea Ma hodh. it than any year since the commence- 
the pits ce = “i artificial. Teed sennae remind you Se I. “On Certain cate ties in the Growth of meit of the Society, peene ng on nly 26; bat as the 
that the natural system i is that o Pine Trees on the East Shore of Lough Ni = ee | Coanwood Coal Company are nsive 
utrim, Ireland? By be e Rev, A. C. Cann Mr. | colliery i in the district, a considerable increase of mem- 
wa con progress “of sc ience 3 and, w hen we say that, Canin acy —It is known to naturali _ But en now ea pan Moksa Ontem: 
we say something more than what may g ex ated e sheet of water—Lough Neagh, in Uite I i t Jt 
i ? 
ent. sider what it} —is connec 
means. It means that we can no o Jonger y view the many | geological. and hatonigpk kind, | whi ch do not seem to sa F Forty vag ai Ae en tin to the ionis 
thousands of Ei w ic! mprise the vegetable | have received that close’ sci 12 Seana ed, and 28 purchased. 
kingdom as’so many i sola ted GRAIDE. but that we | their nature would appear to merit. These peculiarities | 17 are on science, 2 on ravels, 3 Curiosities of Litera- 
must work out their relations and determine t arise partly from the mechanical action of the waters | ture, Chambers’s Enc pyelapeedti Poetry, and Biography 
affinities ; it means th at the vegetable organism must | of the lake and of the rivers and streams which flow | © omple te the list. _ After disc scussing the report and 
> Sub) into it, and partly from certain qualities p d by 
microscope must be unremittingly. plied in the hands} the water of the lake itself. The attention of the _ The N was T DARY in 1850 pri Ri 
of the ha sent orking student; it’ means that the great | writer has been directed fi time to time t ns in moni sdb 
laws of morphology shall be clearly enunciated and | these, and one of them would seem to be so much a} ing to olu er 
rigidly enforced; that the aid of experimental physics curiosity of vegetation as to deserve particular notice. by the "abiti of P Coaliwbod and “hat Friends, 
olcited i ipata off US A i 60 hrie were new and oie Be aig 
but partially’ understood’ phenomena of vegetable| by certain Pine trees (Pinus sylvestris) which are | igi hide the ipal donors were the ‘at in: Se 
physiology, re oe the “res8urces of chemistry, | found upon: the east shore of the lake mentioned. | Hope Wallace, ‘Featherston Castle; the Tate Wiliam 
organic and inorg shall be summoned to the|The trees present the appearance of stems sup- Ord, oe M.P., Whitfield Hall; ae the 1 a Dixo 
fields. ‘All the, reat "schools. of: botany in Germany,| ported on large aerial roots, and thus raised | Dixon, Esq., of Unth ank Hall. r the ont outage: x 
the'schoóls mer own country, | upon props in’ a Mangrove-like manner. The soil | ment of readers, the admission 
the schools lead-in phytological | is composed of about one-third common earth a of 6d. per beets or 2s. a year. 
science, 1 cha this as: the adres true method of two-thirds of a fine loose sand, which forms the beach | aA yee price it: stil stands Tt has don wth cee deal 
inquiry—the only course which can noe we y by.| of the lake, and is easily moved phous by the action ood i n ke eepin e young reading at thei 
appreciable results, Such; gentle p ; is the course onnaa water. It is probable that, at an early 
which esc ssion on which stage he growth: of these yet they occupied a| We hope that greater efforts will ie be tld to | 
l see th Hite to the waters of the lake, but, from the | increase its influence and usefulness. A lecture” 
bee phe og Konan or dlen But is no | gradual subsidence of the latter, they now occupy a |and then would be vi Mie useful in keeping up the spirit 
inducement to idleness; labour itself in mady a EES is | somewhat elevated bank at a little distance from the | and attracting reader 
a . So excellent is the construction of the| beach. Were the singular apporeneai oa eat my of them | AS an encou ragemenit to the friends of the Society, 
eeeotetpee which are now in the hands of the|the only circumstance to draw att it were | and an incentive to others, 
that the’ real difficulty is to withdraw our- | perhaps superfluous ae make them Hie subjee ect of sketch oft this rural 1 district. Coanwood—or as it ¢ first 
"pelleted one the work to which ey invite us, and fi sapere pelt emark ; ere is something, in Sear our eye in local history in the more ay tie 
Bassi ihe of o1 eo pene oe a reveal n us. F | gradual adaptation to p Ea adk: whieh i is traceable | Celtic garb of Callenwood, ie. Hazelwoo ae 
venture e members of the |.upon a ca e inspection of the specimens of vegetable. sequestered dale nestling d 
ie “a inte akiak their | life, ok a little curious. and interest as prov-|of a 
: : er ht be ins term a hi kilos 5 of Haltwh 
sion which is now before us, for this, of course, | form of vegetable area ee to which the|It is a pleasing“ spot, with well-built houses an q 
H depend on individual inelination and indi vidual | growth and stability of the’tree are provided for in homesteads big ied almost every sheltered nook, a 
u cannot s ering to ajreélation to those influences which are found in|as if t it a solemn and attractive aspect im 
region where much remains yet to be discovered, | different ways to act, agains st both. This the writer unpretentious Friends? Meeting House, lak UND 
into which the zoologist and the botanist, with all {has been much aeiek m wit by solitary mounds, without a stone to ma ark where 
their’ united efforts; have as yet been able to shed | ofthe present appeara In an rude forefathers “of the hamlet sleep,” is situated 
but a few straggling rays of light, powerless to dissi- | the case of one chee Te ea fied mhes th ‘height |o the bank of a bu pair burn, which: steals like a 
‘the mist which has ever enveloped it in obscurity. | of the aerial roots from the aes wt to the com- halves thread by the lovely spot and through the 
allude to a certain class of phenomena which have mencement of the trun k is f 5 ‘ae t and, hażeley AE giving Te aa ae and beauty to 
never yet received from the biologist a satisfactory P tl very SOON eadow, oody bank. It contains a 
analysis, and whose real. significance we have as yet | a littl i he has found ig: the ulation of about “Bb pritfelpelly farmers and their 
- failed to determine. I allude to that kabl ti ti oots seems pilis KA families, The majority of these farmer-yeomen farm 
of physiological acts which come under the he ad of to period to have been in det; relation and the land of cians forefathers, each 
Be ceo irritability—a group whose investigation, is | exigencies of the or. i is eg oe that, where the | farm averaging about’ sone acres of nine and a 
S suppor’ e fro yadaal washin ng | common. Pes as dozen years ago Coanwood was 
DAADE Libii and one which, whatever may away of the soil to Mike uae hat, Avera the develop- | far back, ally atid Se hare a the rida 
Desai ar aeni value of sponta en motion, as affording | ment of the means of support, and that upon plain fastidious stickler for old times and customs could 
‘or the separation of the animal fro Sah mechanical principles, took place most prominently ; | desire. e common was th en undivided, and “eae 
the: aptaki lior I believe, essentially the same in the|and also as the tree proper came to be farther and | owner of inland was A ee graze an unlimited 
» kingdom: an: affirm an real difference | farther elevated and removed from the soil, so the| st ock of sheep, cattle, and hor daui Those farmers 
between the r iein oospore Alga and thej lower parts of the roots expanded and thickened, and, | adj are to herd well, and 
- ciliated germ. of a Vortictn he motions of the|as it were, grasped the nourishing soil with still in- | were ungerupulogs respecting hounding’ t their neigh- 
Bone hy ras = he Hedysarum, of the Dionæa— | creasing vigour and tenacity. II. “On Bryum Dn-| bours “ste to bo holés, or often off bee 
what: is theirsnature? Why do we not. refer them | valii (Voit.) as a British species, and the ` localities | fell ntogether, ‘eel at at i got the lion’s shar 
toi the same; group. of sieges with the Jooliane in which it. has been found.” By Mr. J. Sadler.| of it, to the grea of peaceable individuals 
sea comme of the: Hyde ol of the Actinia? It is:| III. “ Additions to the Flora of Caithness,” by. R. no A a no T “jon i ere "strife, gy quently 
the ih reason than because ‘the ive Professor and il Da 
eit 
fy 
es aakh Weenie possess <n other | note, which he had received from Dr. J. A. Smith, jaan stoning to very" one, no sare ever thought 
which obviously associate them with | accompanied. by a peculiar knot taken from a Beech| of d sen By improving any portion of it, and. 
hile the Vorticella, the Hydra, | tree :—“ A Hier ete aeie Wists orik werd aloe to overttow 40 and’ 50 acres, 
here maple, pr h AT Ar e a en we ery ieta Semone hare ent Sh dowa ot 
wucture—*| exa: , of a month,? | this om the be , who | irrigating, channel. In’ consequence of ng un- 
-for-admission into ‘the garry i edom—it i cted by se ot fhe ae hy a . bs sight). dra overstocked, unsh and the stock much’ 
reasons- on], yapi assert, and ci for anything in the was its attachment to: the trunk. perl he knocked it off disturbed, ae Wh Pomel number of sheep died of poverty: 
phenomena th es, that wast been-in the habit | with a rri of the a Ita s to d rot er,,and scores of them might be seen 
of'assuming: the:motious-of tho o belong to a class:| been formed at the root of a Ahira which died, | about tlie buin sides and marshes every spring with 
of: phenomena of a differe kind Pa reed to which ks the i a perhaps of a small gee of the “pokes” under their chins, dead or The inland 
we refer the cong of rie Fr A Kiste apii do sA new w wood and bark close t was in a very little better state, in Hilsa ditto the 
tion, however, convince us, that in’ th ttl ho should have been ee it being too busy _ 
state of our: onion we have a perks deposited i in many a twisted old covering the Sette? herding their sheep on the common. ‘The land was as wet 
wee. this aerate bys nee ean pA stem can | ties of the branch ll or case | as water could make it. The sees was to take a crop” 
l e than the. other ; | enclosing. the remains of the branch which had been| of Oats off the pastur e land every six ix of woven yeats. 
Siasea forth bey the tentacles of the Hearn broken TE and left only a small portion projecting and then leave it, without sowing Grass to foi 
i en peA of prey, aperigi iaimotio | Fea, tie Bull oF the tees, aid PG litpecne á. deenmbo y nature’s unaided efforts, Sometimes it was 
[a apgenns and the pare p perfee Pope notion of the | tion had gone on until nearly a complete covering was | threatened with a dose of lime, and that was all all the: 
more vidence of | formed,. Had.it continued for a little longer time, the| manure it got, but owing to the wetness of the land” 
the ros of bay sensitivo gjan or | branch would have been healed. by the remains of the | this was entirely wasted, and’ many a Grass field was’ 
the Dionwa. It is, the omething | branch being entirely covered over with the new wood. | nearly without a sward from the petty of the cattle, 
* thed i the | w ere allowed to scan the fi “A 
ea 
; r. Ke t a | breeds ex 7 
sunore ms up to us: the whole {ped en. of H: us officinalis from the walls of the{diness it was not rac be some ee ‘to die of 
‘the difference between a plant and Ti ch chiirel of Killearn, Mr. William R. M‘Nab ex- | poverty and rot, owing tothe ae re and want 
