1162 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. ea 29, 1860. 
nmen 
~ 1860— Hay, Wheat, and Oats good good, , but Potatoes spe manure all that we can desire? A brief paper o ore pronounced. “In the Cam where the soil 
oe nee af waking: the: irrigated md aod thelt is very light Ca igen Hy Feat rate i oe a? 
Iw w conclude, by illustrating the characters tlm Se may n uninteresting to ou readers, | | is found e Om 05 p tre. The breadth, &c, 
our ass sevens Ne transcr py a ne written by the authorities we aa fo llow being M I. K g. 1, varies also according bs 
a friend a mine, that appeared in rgus newspaper | M. De me 1, and by consequence, according to oe angle of 
November, in answer to i tures. passed on the | Ther are various mee, of mess liahiog SERN incinin Where the soil is consistent, and compa- 
farmers ie some writers-in that paper Ronn a these now only describe|ratively more at e, the J breadth can JEE made 
one, which Bel ian Nt denominate “ Irrigation | | gr eater than wher the soil is light and absorptive, 
FARMERS iby THEIR LABOURERS. par planches disposées ¢ en ados;” e may d | will b ore decided, 7: th a 
To'the Klitor af the Argus. cribe as irrigation by sloping surfaces, the w less pronounce ed s A the heig the p ce, 
Pi iat ap Onmiteared lot. of scoundrels the farmers p shedding om each side from a central drain pay g. 1, above the mean level of tl nd 
a yey’ Ca What an are v K ea boo sexier bf sloping surfaces, the water being received at the foot | should not be too great oi a wide breadth. Thus, 
tects ae and ae ! Asitis tothan a serious ves gin pa of these by side drains. This being exemplified in fig. 1, | where the slope c e, fig. 1, is 0™.02 per mètre, and the 
have such a catalogue of sins to answer for, pray grant m he line a b is hor izontal or nearly so, hile “the length of the channels a in fig. 2, is 30 mètres, this 
eel eee — ean ee es on katárinldoppori SIRs ce vary accor K to the nature | height would not be more than 0 If with a slope 
rasing tho morita eni of the ee aa of the land. This mode of i irrigation is ap Ta to , the height of the slope above the 
ork on the ag vel of the interior ; int let eri where the land is not very irregular, or having level bi land being 0",375, we oat ach ou would be 
me our oxtravaganee, s side saddles, and the lik steep declivities. It assures the most regular distribu: | pay 
tion of the water over the irrigated surf: tha hiadh “ados” or sloping surfac 
our provi incial m a Lee, p l, sone Ea to ate ure of the soil, “ ae 
ts his better-half to ar figen ia, should,” says Mons. Keelhoff, abe of the Irrigation 
| Services in the Campines (we translate freely) “t 
iflustrating 
= Foca my Own experience, and in every way correct. 
è harvest in question will answer equally well for 1858, and 
ear 1859 too, 
oa basi 
| into nyt strenmlets, a 
] | receives an unequa 
| is ion for kee 
i my in 
the work: 
iture of ployed.” 
T Gian the breadth of the # ados tat considerable, the 
after 2 certain length the water divides itself 
nd the lower parts of the oped 
perme of the water, a fault. 
| which ought always to be avoided, and which makes: 
| itself felt in the los sian, where thie breadth exceeds: 
Ww matres. +} Y r e, p At 
y. 1857 found me the employer of su: ` 
he orthodox way, viz., as they cast up on th poore at h. at ‘pleasure. Ape ater from aach 
1 promised each the regulation price of 25s e channels a a, lig. 2, is s! ove: surface 
rations. ach pae nd running Ae the slopes is received 
a the si rains cc. Thes again deliver the aen to 
, plac th ed 
‘rom this ANEREN IG: the channel & ⁄ is t supplied, | 
aah | he per the water shedding over tozz #2, which deliver it to | 
looked, as one | the channel BF 
ie ting ont the irrigating slopes of this method 
the fit operation is to divide the land to be converted 
into meadows, into compartments about 75 yards wide. 
The aoe partments run in the direction of the general | o 
slope of the land ; each compartment is divided in the 
sc le ac! a line, ay being the position of the channel 
ine is aecarately le levelled, a me 
aa. = cea y of the land is ascertaii ing | 
pie 
t long 
hatna and, ws heir fe Aa the harves' 
melted like x piece of siars in a cal 
q ai od wre bowed oui 
of the 
of great breadth in repair, 
eeping of an “ados ” 
the ee ad of the 
difficulties ; 
pre 
AE ea aes work in bringing the sides 
| sna ly 
gj 
ng | This consideration alone shou 
to the proper slopes, 
in the light soils, being an expensive 
ot “distr ting channels required to ke ti e same’ 
ee now ny cle daily demonstra to Us, 
that i in the light lands of the 
e water necessary for the i irrigatio m actual ly pa sses 
by infiltration in M A channels of distribution; oe 
fewer then of sch channels the Jess will be the qua 
tity of water required for E Seflgttion f 
es 
totheslopeisthe number of divisi Lenaia afeI LT p making the “ados” very narrow, as 
rule is to m ese as po are half yards kom 3to6 eed breadth, as one sees established 
Feige 2 of slepe, Care is j German; 
i Formoe tie D se parts 
g 
a proper share of of ef: rth sout in f shall be imme italy, PH 
na 1 sition man ‘the pen oar psec at the parts where it is deficie 
7 = odatda 0% ddingis i fa rigation Wo; orks n this s syste m are very costly wh el 
ie, eee 
Be gium ey the. 
Campines; and the most part of the meadows are: : 
constructed in “ados” of 6 mètres ha n rei The 
xp cn of obtaining a supply of | wat excessive 
ene d a 
rey wh the ey may, fro rom that sod have sprung 
ire y of ti oiai farmers ; Py any E ie 
to do any good, it is this clas 
vice in sor ing m: 
q g 
se nae is | from a jimi to make up where it is deficient, or 
wil eth ake 
Let the no 
low 
where it is in excess. Asin railw wa 
that there is great diffieu 
| necessary for the irrigation o af 3000 be wer 
ately crea This as gh to diminish the breadth 
of the “ados,” arises from the prejudice that the 
water afer irrigating the part of the slope contiguous 
or nearest to the channel of enkaa loses, its 
is necessary in 
e the crest of the slope, as ¢, fig. 1, at 
Tae as pA 8l leping in huts alive with ver- 
try huts a hn + mi part of the 
gai dep that the eai houses can boast oi 
is| tion of several irr irrigato 
They base their reasoning 
upon a fact true in itself but owing its Re to 
another cause altogether ; ‘generally. the Gra ss is io" 
3 
plac 
T sho and bu id halt Boy it of e LA shore the deya of the land; the 
earth h. taken he lower half of the e slope will | 
su to for oe half ‘Where the land is very 
g Kay irregular i in its TE an accurate series of levellings | 
ld 
clude by saying if eae 
jyan A Aenda pe Shy were tran perth 
course of a night, I would back them at lon 
ito beat an even dozen of the tray goa m of the road a 
harvest work they like to mention : ow Iam not a 
«Colonist. 
ee dimensions of the distributing channel 2 8, fig. 2, 
eas follows:—The depth, its il the width, 050; 
the depth of water, es the slope of the channel is 
om er mètre. 
proved to be well baan to 
| the drains or channels ¢ @ 
Mr. Jobson, late of Sturton Grange, read before the | 
Newcastle Farmers Club. 
nee where the te danas oF of. 
mètres, 
AL IRRIGATION. is 200 m 
CONTINENT. 
To those = = crit ee oe the pace 
apt a district o ai the Canter: of E Belgium, or 
fertile ielde.ot 3 , will be | te much 
and useful. 
horoughly 
t laws tral its policy, of the channels a “a4, fig. 2, are Rein taiag 4 a 
seientifie Waaiaments th 
ee. Byt the establishment of eanals, at 
rs of the irrigating channels and 
‘by which the 
level, 
tenis 
| to from 250 to 200 mètres, it hos be hte 
| n.slope to the channels of 0™ mètre. 
The $ oping s iti a 
E gE also tọ the genera inclination of the land. 
convenient len f these surfaces experience in 
the aw be 25 to 30 mbes. te it 
‘ape or inclination of the sides e d, ce, fig. 1, 
If of f tilt cl we 
be 0".02 per mètre ; ae in sandy soil, which 
minal ze water, EA slope will have 
Erench 3 ot Engl, ~ 
changed, and di; 
panicle agi ago 
the surfaces 
od wore here a and Pane with the et Signen 
h vita 
with | 
E amie experience has |; 
then say the advocates of the very narrow pa ke 
water has much greater value at the pea part t than 
i the lowest, and consequently the 
x aae ti distribution the greate eee of 
bed bu t this vigorous on at the ‘highest part of 
greater 
ed by the 
be m 
rally in this country where no rent is 
water, the m are kept in 
gi 
of the Grass at > 
> lower part of the- 
00 hectares* 
light soils, “ans dimensions are those w 
seg 
“Ge placed at right “8 
e b ai fie, 2, ma at right ninaa in T beuilh. 
"rhe |. per 
CIR 
oils we have ados” of 
with a declivity yof slopes of 0 
matre, which for si ie e nothing to desire. 
The channels ers at the-summits of x 
ary |510pes a a aa, » fig. b ro placed at rigbt GPa to ~~ e 
are p 
batara 
ce of 
rn 
a munication. 
A beotare ia equal, kor & pects 1, none 06. pales. Ot or 
easurement, 
