742 ZOOLOGY— INSECTS. 



the narrow black markings, strongly arched primaries, and the three long 

 tails of the secondaries. 



Though apparently a mountain species in Colorado, it rarely occurs 

 far above 7,500 feet elevation. It is an exceedingly rapid flier. The species 

 has not been recorded from any locality north of Colorado. »It was taken 

 by the expedition in Southern Utah, and is known to range southward into 

 Mexico. The Mexican specimens are more brightly colored, and are much 

 larger than those found farther north. In Colorado, the species does not 

 usually exceed four inches in expanse; those from Mexico sometimes measure 

 five and one-half inches. 



In Colorado, the species should be looked for during the month of 



June. 



PAPILIO EURYMEDON, Boisd. 



This species I have taken in the mountains of Colorado at 7,500 feet 

 elevation ; the species resembles Butulus, but is easily distinguished by its 

 pale ground color. On the Pacific slope, it occurs as far north as Wash- 

 ington Territory. 



PARNASSIUS, Latr. 



PARNASSIUS SMINTHEUS, Uoubleday. 



Parnassius Smintheus, Edw., Butterflies N. A., i. 

 Parnassius IMiux, var., auct. 

 Parnassius Phoebus, var., Kieby, Cat. 



Parnassius SmintJieus was brought by the expedition from Gray's 

 Peaks, Colorado, and from the mountains of Southern Utah. It is found 

 throughout the Rocky Mountain region, and a single specimen has been 

 taken near the Yosemite Valley, California, where, however, Clodius, as a 

 rule, takes its place. In Colorado, the species is abundant from the first 

 foothills to the highest peaks. At moderate elevations, the first specimens 

 come from chrysalis in May, and are seen flying or sucking the nectar from 

 flowers of a common species of Sedum before their wings have thoroughly 

 stiffened. Two or three weeks later, the females begin to appear; they are 

 more heavily dusted with gray than the males, and at the highest elevations 

 are often very dark, almost black, and smaller. Probably this darker color, 

 harmonizing with the rocks and lichens, serves as a protection to the females, 

 whicl) i> less needed by individuals inhabiting 1 lower and more fertile local- 



