246 ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE PLANTS 1924 



15. COSTUS Linnaeus 

 COSTUS CLEMENSAE Eidl. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 193. 



Mindanao (Zamboanga, Lanao), Clemens 1173, B. S. 36578 Ramos & 

 Edano. On forested slopes, altitude about 700 m. Endemic. 



Local name: Tiuasi-tiuasi (Sub.). 



COSTUS GLABRA (K. Schum.) comb. nov. 



Costus speciosus Sm. var. glabra K. Schum. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 27 



(1899) 343, Pfianzenreich 20 (1904) 398. 

 Herba spiralis II laevis Rumph. Herb. Amb. 6: 143, t. 61*, f. 2. 

 Costus speciosus Elm. Lean. Philip. Bot. 8 (1919) 2977, non Sm. 

 Luzon (Tayabas, Albay, Sorsogon), Polillo, Samar, Leyte, Panay, 

 Wenzel 227, Elmer U707, Whitford 830, B. S. 6299, 6926 Robinson, 351*78 

 Martelino & Edano, 21*820, 21*811 Edano, 15302 Ramos. In forests, old 

 clearings, abaca plantations, etc., at low and medium altitudes. Moluccas. 



COSTUS H1RSUTUS Blume Enum. PI. Jav. 1 (1827) 61. 



Costus speciosus Sm. var. hirsuta K. Schum. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 27 



(1899) 343, Pfianzenreich 20 (1904) 398. 



Luzon (Bontoc, Benguet, Union, Batangas), Vanoverbergh 1392, 



Cuzner 21, Lete 261*. In thickets and forests, altitudes 300 to 1,200 m. 



India to southern China and Formosa through Malaya to New Guinea. 



COSTUS SE RICE US Blume Enum. PI. Jav. 1 (1827) 62; Naves Novis. 

 App. (1880) 227. 

 Costus speciosus Sm. var. argyrophyllus Wall, ex Baker in Hook. f. 

 Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 249; Ridl. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 

 (1906) 84, Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 192. 

 Costus speciosus Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 152, Rev. PI. 

 Vase. Filip. (1886) 274; Ridl. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 

 192, non Sm. 



Luzon (Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Bataan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Taya- 

 bas, Camarines, Sorsogon), Polillo, Masbate, Negros, Panay, Cebu, Leyte, 

 Mindanao, Basilan, Jolo. Common in primary forests, old clearings, etc., 

 at low and medium altitudes. Burma, through Malaya to New Guinea. 



Local names: Tiuasi (Sub.); tubong-usa (Bik.). • 



COSTUS SPECIOSUS (Koenig) Sm. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 1 (1791) 249; 

 Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 610; Naves Novis. App. (1880) 227, 

 in Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3 (1877-83) t. U2; K. Schum. in Engl. 

 Pfianzenreich 20 (1904) 398; Merr. Fl. Manila (1912) 160. 

 Banksia speciosa Koenig in Retz. Obs. 3 (1783) 75. 



Occasionally cultivated for ornamental purposes. This very large- 

 flowered form is a native of the Malay Peninsula and is, I believe, 

 specifically distinct from the common wild Philippine form. It is cul- 

 tivated in various parts of Malaya and in some other tropical countries. 



EXCLUDED SPECIES 



Costus potierae F.-Muell.; Naves Novis. App. (1880) 227. 



EXCLUDED GENERA 



Elettaria alba Blume; Naves Novis. App. (1880) 224. 

 Elettaria anthoides Teysm.; Naves 1. c. 



