148 Journal New V'okk Entomological Society. [Voi. x. 



the thorax have been carefully studied by Professor Gilson * and 

 M. Maurice Henseval.f They reach the conclusion that these glands 

 have a nephridial function. Professor Lucas J presents a detailed 

 account of the metamorphosis of the mouth parts and salivary glands 

 of Anabolia fiircata. 



The most complete work on life histories is that of Professor 

 Franz Klapalek,§; of Prag. This contains a general description of the 

 cases, larvae and pupje of European Trichoptera. The body of the 

 work consists of the description of the cases, larvae and pupse of 

 forty -three species previously practically unknown. A statement of 

 family characteristics makes this the best if not the only work avail- 

 able for the determination of immature caddis flies. Dr. Georg 

 Ulmer is at present engaged with a similar work on the Trichoptera of 

 Germany. In this connection should also be mentioned Professor R. 

 Struck'sf paper on caddis fly cases, in which a table is given for de- 

 termination by means of the cases. One of the species described by 

 Professor Klapalek is Molanna augiistata Curt., which seems to be a 

 very close European relative of Molanna cinerea and much help has 

 been derived from a comparison with this description. I have given 

 a general account of this species with colored figures of all stages artd 

 of the case in Bulletin 47 of the New York State Museum. 



External Anatomy. 

 Larva. _ — The larva of Molanna cinerea was found in abundance 

 until about the middle of August. Up to that time they were obtained 

 with the greatest ease by means of a sieve net drawn through the sandy 

 bottom where little or no vegetation appeared. Both the adult and 

 larva of this insect are striking examples of protective form and colora- 

 tion. The former by its color and its habitual posture with abdomen 

 tilted upward and closely wrapped by the wings, exactly simulates a 



* Gilson, G. Journ. Micr. Soc. London, Pt. I, p. 30. Thoracic glands in 

 larvae of Trichoptera. 



f Henseval, M. Maurice. Les glandes buccales des larves de Trichoptera. 

 La Cellule, XII, pp. 1-12. 



\ Lucas, R. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Mundwerkzeuge der Trichopteren. 

 Arch. f. Naturg., LIX. 



?l KlapAlek, Fk. Metamorphose der Trichopteren, serie I and II, Archiv. der 

 Naturwissenschaftl. Landesdurchforshung von liohnien, Band VI, No. 5 and Band 

 VIII, No. 6. 



11 Struck, R. Illus. Zeitschr. f. Entomol., Band IV, Nos. 8, 10, 17, 19, 20, 21. 



