30 How to Sex Cage Birds. 



bluer shade than in the male ; there is also more black shown on the 

 mantle, owing to the narrower green borders to the feathers. The 

 lower back and rump in old hens never attains to the deep orange 

 cadmium of male birds, but when the cock is younger than the hen, 

 this character fails to separate the sexes. In the allied Paradise 

 Tanager (Calliste tatao) the female is smaller than the male, is less 

 golden on the head, has the scarlet on the back more restricted, and 

 in fully adult birds the blue on the throat duller and more restricted. 

 Oddly enough, another relative, the Scarlet-backed Tanager {Calliste 

 yeni), not only has a hen with a beak broader and longer than that 

 of her mate, but in her young plumage, at any rate, has no scarlet 

 on the back, but an orange patch on the rump. 



Three-coloured Tanager (Calliste tricolor). 



The female is smaller than the male, the beak very slightly 

 broader and less gradually tapered ; the green of the head less blue 

 and more diffused ; the black of the plumage dusky, not velvety 

 blue-black, restricted, ill-defined on the throat; the orange on 

 rump much restricted, diffused, and with dusky mottling; under 

 parts altogether yellower and mottled with lilacine greyish. 



Lavender-and-Black Tanager (Calliste braziliensis). 



The name Blue-and-Black Tanager is applied by the Zoological 

 Society to two utterly different species, which is absurd; and the 

 present Tanager is not blue, but lavender, so that it has been 

 necessary to rename it. The beak of the female is longer and 

 broader at base than that of the male, and the lavender on the 

 crown is mottled with black. 



Black-shouldered Tanager (Calliste melanonota). 



In the sexes of this species the beak differs very slightly ; if 

 anything, it is a trifle broader and longer in the male. The female 

 is altogether duller in plumage ; the back dull bronzy green, with 

 dusky margins to the feathers ; the rump much yellower and 

 brighter ; below it is much paler than in the male, bluish ashy on 

 throat; centre of abdomen pale yellow streaked with greyish- 

 lavender, but shading into yellowish-green on the flanks ; under 

 tail-coverts much more yellow than in the male. 



Silver-blue Tanager (Tanagra cana). 



The beak of the female is broader at base than that of the male, 

 but of about the same length; the plumage is generally rather 

 greyer. 



Sayaca Tanager (Tanagra sayaca). 



The beak of the female is a trifle shorter, but otherwise similar 

 to that of the male ; the plumage above is rather darker, and the 

 abdomen perhaps greener than in the male. 



