New World Starlings. 75 



De Filippi's Military Troupial (Trupialis defilippii). 

 Very similar in both sexes to the preceding, excepting in its 

 smaller size and black under wing-coverts ; the female, however, 

 shows less scarlet on the under parts. 



Quiscalinae.* 

 Rich-black Troupial [Dives sitmichrasti). 



The female is slightly smaller and less glossed with blue than the 

 male ; the bill, seen from above, seems a trifle narrower towards the 

 base, but is otherwise similar. 



Black Troupial (Quiscalus lugubris). 



The female has no violaceous gloss, but is smoky blackish, wings 

 and tail darker, very slightly greenish glossed ; below smoky brown. 



Changeable Troupial (Quiscalus versicolor). 



The female is smaller than the male, and has a shorter, less 

 tapering bill ; she is much browner, and only faintly glossed with 

 blue on head, nape, and breast. 



Chopi Troupial (Aphobus chopi). 



The female is smaller and duller than the male, and has no 

 furrows running obliquely across the lower mandible of the bill. 



The Cassiques (Gassicince). 

 Crested Cassique (Ostinop>s decumanus). 



The female is much smaller than the male, has a far shorter and 

 less powerful bill ; the chocolate on her lower back and rump is not 

 so deep in colour. 



Mexican Cassique (Cassicus melanicterus). 



The bill of the female is more slender than that of the male, is 

 more dusky in colouring ; she is smaller, greyer, and the yellow 

 in her plumage is paler. 



Yellow Cassique (Cassicus persicus). 



The bill of the female is much smaller and weaker than in the 

 male ; she is smaller, of a duller black above and browner below ; 

 the yellow in the plumage is paler. 



Red-rumped Cassique (Cassictos luemorrhous). 



The bill is shorter in the hen and of a greyer colour ; her general 

 plumage is brown instead of blue-black, and the scarlet on the back 

 is much restricted. 



* I know of no distinctive English name for this group. 



