216 APPENDIX. 



are several small rocks, and about six miles from it there is a reef 

 which runs perhaps half a mile off a low rocky point : the outer rock 

 is high and detached from the others. 



About eleven miles to the northward of Point Lobo, is a very- 

 rugged point, with several sharp peaks on it, about half a mile to 

 the northward of which is the small port of Herradura, which can 

 hardly be distinguished till quite close to it. Off the rugged point, 

 and between it and the entrance to Herradura. there are outlying 

 rocks and breakers, about a quarter of a mile from the shore : off 

 the south entrance point there is a patch of low rocks, which in 

 coming from the southward appear to extend right across the 

 mouth of the port. The entrance faces the N.W., and is between 

 this low patch of rocks, and a small islet to the N.E. of it : there is 

 no danger witliin half a cable of either point. The port runs in 

 about three-quarters of a mile to the eastward of the islet, and is 

 sheltered from both northerly and southerly winds, but with a 

 strong northerly breeze a swell rolls in round the islet. It is rather 

 small for large vessels, and they would not be able to he at single 

 anchor in the inner part of the cove, but there is quite room enough 

 to moor across it. about a quarter of a mile above the islet, in four 

 fathoms, fine sand. In this place an American ship, the Nile, of 

 420 tons, was moored during a northerly gale, which blew very hea- 

 vily ; and she was perfectly sheltered. The landing is better than in 

 any place between it and Coquimbo : but there is a very serious 

 inconvenience in the want of water. There is a small lagoon 

 about a mile from this place, in the valley at the head of Car- 

 risal Cove, but it is worse than brackish ; yet the ' peones,' who 

 are at work shipping the ore, make use of it. A deep valley runs 

 in from the head of the cove, separating the high ranges of hills, 

 and is a good mark to know it by. The range to the southward of the 

 valley is the highest near the coast, and is distinctly seen from both 

 the northward and southward ; there is a small nipple in the highest 

 part of it. Carrisal is a small cove about a mile to the N.E. of 

 Herradura, well sheltered from southerly winds, but as it is so close 

 to Herradura, which is so much superior, it is not likely to be of 

 much use. 



To the northward of Carrisal the coast is bold and rugged, with 

 outlying rocks a cable's length off most of the points. About nine 

 miles to the northward of Herradura there is a high point with a 



