388 PENGUINS—FUEGIANS—SARMIENTO. 
ing their young. They were very valiant in self-defence, and ran 
open-mouthed, by dozens, at any one who invaded their terri- 
tory, little knowing how soon a stick could scatter them on the 
ground. The young were good eating, but the others proved 
to be black and tough, when cooked. The manner in which 
they feed their young is curious, and rather amusing. The 
old bird gets on a little eminence, and makes a great noise 
(between quacking and braying), holding its head up in the air, 
as if it were haranguing the penguinnery, while the young one 
stands close to it, but a little lower. The old bird having conti- 
nued its clatter for about a minute, puts its head down, and 
opens its mouth widely, into which the young one thrusts its 
head, and then appears to suck from the throat of its mother 
for a minute or two, after which the clatter is repeated, and 
the young one is again fed; this continues for about ten 
minutes. I observed some which were moulting make the same 
noise, and then apparently swallow what they thus supplied 
themselves with ; so in this way I suppose they are furnished 
with subsistence during the time they cannot seek it in the 
water. Many hair seal were seen about the island, and 
three were killed. Wild fowl were very numerous. Strange to 
say, traces of the Fuegians (a wigwam, &c.) were found, which 
shows how far they will at times venture in their canoes. 
** No danger lies outside of Noir Island, except in the Tower 
Rocks, which are above water, and ‘ steep-to,’ but many perils 
lie to the south-eastward. Indeed, a worse place than the neigh- 
bourhood of Cape Kempe and the Agnes Islands could not 
often be found, I think: the chart of it, with all its stars to 
mark the rocks, looks like a map of part of the heavens, rather 
than part of the earth. 
“ 28th. At daylight we sailed from these roads, and passed 
close to the Tower Rocks (within half a cable’s length) : they are 
two only in number, a mile and a half apart, and steep-sided. 
Thence we steered towards St. Paul’s, my intention being to 
seek an anchorage in that direction. This day proved very 
fine and so clear that when we were becalmed, off St. Paul’s, 
we saw Mount Sarmiento distinctly from the deck. A breeze 
