524 The Andes and the Amazons. 



the Madeira, is used as a panacea for intermittent fevers, 

 colic, diarrhea, snake-bites, etc. 



CuPHEA halsatnona is also a remedy for fevers. 



The leaves of Sanango {Taberncemontana) from the 

 Moyobamba province, Davilla rugosa, Tetracera hreynia- 

 na, Petiveria tetrandra (Raiz de Pipa), Sequiera, and Le- 

 onotis rupetifolia, and the juice of Plumieria jphagedcB- 

 nica (Sucu-uba) and Cuscuta racemosa (Sipo de Chum- 

 bo), are employed in rheumatism or local inflammation. 



The root, bark, and leaves of Cheysobalanus icaco, the 

 root of Fkanciscea unijlora (Manaca), the milk of the 

 MuKUKE (Mercurio vegetal), the bark of Bignonia anti- 

 syjjhilitica, the fruit of Walthekia Douradiriha, the 

 leaves and fruit of Triumphete serjpium (Carapixo da 

 Calgada), the root of Helicteees (Sacarolha), and the root 

 of a Peltobeyon (Paribaroba) are successfully used in the 

 treatment of venereal diseases. 



GuAKANA {Paullinia cupana), Poaya beanca {lonidi- 

 um ituba), Sph^ealcea cisplatina, Manettia cordifolia, 

 Pavonia diuretica, and the seeds of the Patagua {Htira 

 aculeata)^ are popular remedies for bowel complaints. The 

 Guarana, the most important, is cultivated on the ISTegro 

 and Tapajos, but especially on the River Mauhes. It is a 

 natural twiner, but is kept down in cultivation to the size 

 of a compact currant-bush. The seeds are roasted, ground, 

 and made up into sticks. The essential principle is almost 

 identical with theine and caffeine. It is a preventive rath- 

 er than cure; but European physicians pronounce it effica- 

 cious, not only in diarrhea, but also in sick headache, neu- 

 ralgia, paralysis, and lumbago. In France, it has cured 

 attacks of cholera when the evacuations were at the rate 

 of thirty an hour. It also prevents exhaustion, hunger, and 

 sleep, being slightly exhilarative. The natives, particular- 

 ly up the southern tributaries, are passionately fond of gua- 



