TRAVELS IN BRAZIL. 49 



they enjoy in this southern cHmate, cannot forget 

 their own country, and are filled with the most 

 painful longing after their native land, at the 

 thought that, like their already deceased com- 

 panions, they will one day lie in unconsecrated 

 ground. Under the government of the Conde da 

 Palma, an enlightened promoter of the manu- 

 factories, a plan was made for a new and more 

 durable iron-foundry, and the execution of it was 

 confiiled to our countryman, Lieutenant-colonel 

 Varnhagen. This handsome and extensive edifice, 

 the expenses of which amounted to 300,000 

 crusados, was just completed when we arrived at 

 Ypanema, but they had not yet begun the operation 

 of smelting in it, because they waited for the foun- 

 ders necessary for the management of ahigh furnace, 

 who were expected from Germany. The buildings 

 of the new manufactory are constructed, with 

 taste and solidity, of yellow sandstone, which is 

 found in the neighbourhood. There are two high, 

 and several other furnaces ; the bellows are worked 

 by water. Very well contrived and spacious maga- 

 zines for keeping the coals and the ready-manu- 

 factured articles are erected near to the main 

 building, which receives the necessary water from 

 the Rio Ypanema by means of a bricked canal 

 provided with sluices. There is also an hospital 

 for the sick workmen belonging to the establish- 

 ment, which is attended by two surgeons. At the 

 time of our visit doubts were still entertained 



VOL. II. E 



