108 TRAVELS IN fiRAZlL. 



two months. The chief articles exported to S. 

 Paulo, which is ten leagues distant, and to Santos, 

 are mandiocca roots and flour, maize, and sugar, 

 and the returns consist of salt, iron goods, and 

 European manufactures of all kinds {fazenda 

 secca) to be employed in the inland trade. In the 

 environs of this villa, hills alternate with moist 

 valleys, woods with open campos, where many power- 

 ful medicinal plants are found. Among others we 

 were shown the Poaya {Tolygala Poaya, nob.), the 

 roots of which are universally employed in the 

 country instead of the genuine ipecacuanha, and 

 almost in the same doses. There is also a sort of 

 Peruvian bark, which is taken from a moderately 

 sized tree with large leaves ; it has considerable 

 bitterness, but very little aroma, and is often sent 

 to Rio de Janeiro. 



We were obliged to the activity of the capitao 

 mor of Jundiahy for procuring us a new Arrieiro, 

 who immediately repaired the pack-saddles, and 

 on the evening of the following day, conducted 

 us two leagues forward on the road to Minas. 

 The way gradually ascends from a swampy tract, 

 covered with thick bushes. Farther towards the 

 north we came to an extensive moimtain plain 

 (campo largo) which was adorned with a rich 

 diversity of beautiful mountain plants. * Two 



* Among the bushes of the Paspalus chrysostachyos, Schrad. 

 which characterise the campos, there are many Wedelias, 



