170 JiECTURE Vi. 



In short, the microcephahc brain has, by arrest of develop- 

 ment, which advances from behind in a forward direction, 

 become strikingly analogous in the general arrangement of 

 its parts to the simian brain, and none of the assertions which 

 recognise in it a particular type are consistent with trath. 



The difference between the brain of the microcephalus, who 

 is only an abnormally formed man, and that of the lowest race 

 we know, the brain of a bushman's wife, which according to 

 Gratiolet would have produced idiocy in a white man, is thus 

 greater than the difference between the brain of an idiot and 

 that of an ape. The idiot who has remained stationery in a 

 primary stage, stands nearer to the ape than to his progenitor. 

 The distance which his brain has to pass to perfect human de- 

 velopment is greater than the distance it has passed from the 

 simian stage. Thus, everywhere we find only variation, inter- 

 mediate stages which certainly do not all lead to the same 

 point, but run to and fro in different directions. 



