178 



LECTURE VII. 



bral column is less distinct in tlie Negro than in the Wliite, 

 the column approaching in its arrangement that of the ape. 

 The pelvis is further distinguished by its length and narrow- 

 ness. All the diameters of the small pelvis, through which 

 the head of the child must pass, are considerably smaller in 

 the Negro. This applies specially to the large diameter, and 

 we may say that, on the whole, the pelvis of the Negress (for 

 in the female sex this part of the pelvis is much more spacious 

 than in the male), as regards the smallness of its diameter, 

 resembles the pelvis of the white man. This is not surprising, 

 as the head of the Negro child presents already at birth all 

 the characters of its race in the narrow and elongated head, 

 and accordingly we find the narrow pelvis adapted to this 

 form. 



The pelvis of the male Negro, compared with that of 

 the white man, appears larger, the iliac bones not broad key- 

 shaped, and so that the upper parts lean on the sacrum almost 

 hke the shoulder blades on the superior extremities. The 

 length of the extremities, and specially the proportions of the 

 separate parts, are of particular importance.* 



* I give here the proportions of the parts composing the extremities, as- 

 suming the total length of the body to be ^= 100, and expressing the length 

 of the component parts in per cents, we obtain the following numbers, ac- 

 cording to Burmeister's measurements : — 





MALES. 



FEMALES. 



Europeans. 



Negroes. 



Europeans. 



Negroes. 



Superior extremity 



Upper arm 



45-5 



18-9 



15-9 



10-6 



51-5 



26-75 



24-7 



15-15 



44-6 



18-15 



14-77 



11-5 



51-9 



27-8 



25-8 



15 



46 

 19 

 14-3 

 9-5 



49-2 

 27 

 23-8 

 14-3 



48-8 



20 



16-7 



11-7 



51-7 



28-3 



26-1 



15-7 



Fore-arm 



Hand 



Inferior extremity 



Thigh 



Leg 



Foot 



By calculating in the same way, Pruner-Bey's measurements of the skeleton, 

 we obtain the following corresponding numbers, which, as the author himself 

 observes, lay no claim to perfect correctness, as the total length partly de- 

 pends on the manner in which the skeletons are mounted. 



