LECTURE vn. 183 



are very large. The cerebral mass is undoubtedly firmer and 

 more consistent in the Negro than in the White. 



" In the brain of the Negro the central gyri are like those 

 in a foetus of seven months, the secondary are still less marked. 

 By its rounded apex and less developed posterior lobe the 

 Negro brain resembles that of our children, and by the protu- 

 berance of the parietal lobe, that of our females. The shape 

 of the brain, the volume of the vermis and of the pineal gland, 

 assign to the Negro brain a place by the side of that of a 

 white child." 



Huschke mentions some other differences. The Sylvian and 

 Rolando fissures are more perpendicular than in the brain of 

 the European ; the anterior lobes are shorter, the gyri coarser, 

 the chief anterior convolution broad, but all without islands. 

 Huschke arrives at the conclusion that in the Negro brain both 

 the cerebrum and the cerebellum, as well as the spinal cord, 

 present the female and infantile European as well as the 

 simious type. The resemblance of the Negro brain to that of 

 the European female would be still greater if they were not 

 distinguished, the former by its length, the latter by its breadth. 



I possess no Negro brain, and I must confess that I have no 

 confidence in the old representations, chiefly for this reason ; 

 that the convolutions, so important in our researches, are, in 

 the figures of old authors, such as Tiedemann and Soemmering, 

 not veiy faithfully rendered. But on examining the brain of 

 the Hottentot Venus, an excellent representation of which is 

 given by Grratiolet, and which by breadth and shortness de- 

 viates from the Negro brain, but exhibits in other respects the 

 same type ; and comparing it with the brain of a German and 

 that of an anthropoid ape (see fig. 65-67), I find a remarkable 

 resemblance between the ape and the lower human type, spe- 

 cially with reference to the development of the temporal lobe. 

 The simplicity of the parallel fissure, the arrangement of the 

 gyri, accord so much with those of the orang, that the brain of 

 this bushwoman would certainly be rather placed by the side 

 of the ape than of the white man, were there not a decided dif- 

 ference in the form of the posterior lobe and the operculum at 

 its end. The frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes are, by their 



