LECTURE X. 



299 



these skulls differ so widely from those of tlieir cognates, that 

 they can only be considered as abnormal exceptions. Still it 

 is somewhat striking that the Dutch skulls are, on the whole, 

 longer than those of all other Europeans, and specially of the 

 Germanic peoples, an indication, perhaps, of the commixture 

 of the oldest race with its typical cranial form with the peoples 

 now inhabiting these parts. 



In my opinion, which is, certainly, not founded on numerous 

 investigations, this Engis skull holds an intermediate place 

 between that of the Australian and the Esquimaux. Of the 

 latter, it possesses the comparatively thin bones, the scantily 

 developed brows, the height of the profile in the posterior part, 

 and the proportion of the diameters. Of the first, it has the 

 oval form of the cranium, the rounding of the parietal hne, the 

 flat forehead, and the outhne of the roof of the cranium. I 

 know of no living cranial form which perfectly agrees with that 

 of the Engis skull, but I have in some Swiss crania (of the 

 fourth and fifth century) near Biel, Grenchen, and Solothurn, 

 seen forms much resembling the Engis skull even in the chief 

 measurements. 



Fig. 96. The Neander Skull in Profile, after a plaster cast. ■ 



The Neander skull, of which the Geneva museum, thanks to 

 Prof. Fuhlrott, possesses a cast, differs in many respects from 

 the Engis skull, though it resembles it in some. I shall give 

 the description in the words of Prof. Schaaffhausen, who first 

 anatomically examined it. " The cranium is of unusual size, and 

 of a long elliptical form. A remarkable peculiarity strikes us 



