394 LECTURE XIII. 



stone-period, have been preserved, it may reasonably be in- 

 ferred, that the Romanic skull-type had originally existed in 

 that district of the Alps, at the same time, and by the side of 

 that entirely distinct people, which erected the pile-works on 

 the lakes and marshy plains. 



Whilst these human races, we have hitherto considered, have 

 furnished us with proofs that they had inhabited the same soil 

 from pre-historic down to historical times, and when we find 

 no traces of their having left their earlier habitations for adven- 

 turous migrations to Europe, we should expect something si- 

 milar as regards domestic animals. As the domesticated animal 

 is more dependent on man than man on the animal, we are justi- 

 fied in supposing that domestic animals are equally the pro- 

 ducts of the soil which they inhabited together with man, 

 and that the original domestic animals which man subjected 

 should be the descendants of wild species then existing in that 

 region. It will be necessary to consider such domestic 

 animals so far as they throw light on this question, I 

 cannot do better than give you the interesting results of 

 the researches of Eiitimeyer, and I shall frequently quote 

 his own words. 



The oldest domestic animal now known was undoubtedly 

 the dog, which is found both in the Danish kitchen-middens, 

 and the Swiss pile-works. This oldest dog belongs, according to 

 Riltimeyer, to a middle-sized race, of light elegant structure, 

 with rounded cranium, large orbits, short-pointed snout, and 

 moderately developed regular rows of teeth. This dog, which 

 might be called the marsh-dog {Ganis palustris) resembles in 

 its size and slender limbs both the setter and the hound. The 

 former as regards the transverse diameter of the skull, and the 

 latter as regards the general outlines and the longitudinal dia- 

 meter. This house-, or turf-dog, of the stone-age, must be 

 considered as perfectly distinct a race from the wolf and 

 the jackal, the pretended progenitors of the present domestic 

 dog. As it is found both in Denmark and Switzerland, there 

 can be no doubt it was a canine race peculiar to Europe, which 

 man first subjected, and used it for the chace, and subsequently 

 to guard his flocks. In support of this view, Riltimeyer men- 



