466 LECTURE XVI. 



of only one intermediate form between man and ape is unjusti- 

 fiable, inasmucb as we know in our present creation three 

 different sources for such intermediate forms. 



Schroder van der Kolk and Vrolik agree with us in this 

 respect, although they are opposed to Darwin's theory. " We 

 know," they say, " no species of apes which forms a direct 

 transition to man. If man is to be derived from the ape, we 

 must search for his head amongst the small monkeys which 

 group themselves around the Cebus and the Ouistitis ; for 

 his hand we must go to the chimpanzee; for his skeleton, 

 to the Siamang ; for his brain, to the orang, [and I add, 

 for his foot, to the gorilla] . Putting aside the difference in 

 the teeth, it is manifest that the general aspect of the 

 skull of a Cebus, of a Ouistiti, or some other cognate mon- 

 keys, resembles, though in miniature, "faore the skull of man 

 than the skull of an adult gorilla, chimpanzee, or orang. The 

 caroms of the chimpanzee, [and of the gorilla], has the same 

 number of bones as that of man, whilst that of the orang is 

 distinguished by those singular intermediary bones found in all 

 other monkeys. The skeleton of the Siamang resembles by its 

 sternum, the shape of the thorax, the ribs, and the pelvis, much 

 more that of man, than that of the gorilla, chimpanzee, and 

 the orang; and our researches have also shown that the brain of 

 the orang stands nearer to that of man than the brain of the chim- 

 panzee. It would thus be requisite to collect the human cha- 

 racters from five different apes, from one of America, from two 

 of Africa, from one of Borneo, and from one of Sumatra ; the 

 primitive relations of man are accordingly so scattered, that we 

 can hardly believe in one common stock." 



It is just this plurality of characters which confirms us in 

 our view. If the Macaci in the Senegal, the baboons on the 

 Gambia, and the gibbons in Borneo could become developed 

 into anthropoid apes, we cannot see why the American apes 

 should not be capable of a similar development ! If in dif- 

 ferent regions of the globe anthropoid apes may issue from 

 different stocks, we cannot see why these different stocks 

 should be denied the further development into the human 

 type, and that only one stock should possess this privilege ; in 



