188 JAl'A. [chap. vn. 



This would undoubtedly be a fatal objection, were there 

 not abundant evidence to show that Java has been 

 formerly connected with Asia, and that the union must 

 have occurred at about the epoch required. The most 

 striking proof of such a junction is, that the great Mam- 

 malia of Java, the rhinoceros, the tiger, and the Banteng 

 or wild ox, occur also in Siam and Burmah, and these 

 would certainly not have been introduced by man. The 

 Javanese peacock and several other birds are also common 

 tu these two countries ; but, in the majority of cases, the 

 species are distinct, though closely allied, indicating that 

 a considerable time (required for such modification) has 

 elapsed since the separation, while it has not been so long 

 as to cause an entire ehange. Now this exactly cor- 

 responds with the time we should require since the 

 temperate forms of plants entered Java. These are 

 almost all now distinct species ; but the changed conditions 

 under which they are now forced to exist, and the proba- 

 bility of some of them having sinee died out on the con- 

 tinent of India, sufficiently accounts for the Javanese 

 species being different. 



In my more special pursuits, I had very little success 

 upon the mountain ; 'owing, perhaps, to the excessively 

 unpropitious weather and the shortness of my stay. At 

 from 7,000 to 8,000 feet elevation, I obtained one of the 

 most lovely of the small fruit pigeons (Ptilonopus rosei 



