228 NATURAL HISTORY OF THE [chap. ix. 



the two former countries, while they are absent from the 

 latter. Of the three long-tailed monkeys (Semnopithecus) 

 inhabiting Sumatra, one extends into Borneo, but the two 

 species of Java are both peculiar to it. So also the great 

 Malay deer (Eusa equina), and the small Tragulus kanchil, 

 are common to Sumatra and Borneo, but do not extend into 

 Java, where they are replaced by Tragulus javanicus. The 

 tiger, it is true, is found in Sumatra and Java, but not in 

 Borneo. But as this animal is known to swim well, it 

 may have found its way across the Straits of Suuda, or it 

 may have inhabited Java before it was separated from the 

 main land, and from some unknown cause have ceased to 

 exist in Borneo. 



In Ornithology there is a little uncertainty owing to the 

 birds of Java and Sumatra being much better known than 

 those of Borneo ; but the ancient separation of Java as an 

 island, is well exhibited by the large number of its species 

 which are not found in any of the other islands. It 

 possesses no less than seven pigeons peculiar to itself, while 

 Sumatra has only one. Of its two parrots one extends 

 into Borneo, but neither into Sumatra. Of the fifteen 

 species of woodpeckers inhabiting Sumatra only four reach 

 Java, while eight of them are found in Borneo and twelve 

 in the Malay peninsula. The two Trogons found in Java 

 are peculiar to it, while of those inhabiting Sumatra at 

 least two extend to Malacca and one to Borneo. There are 



