40 



99. VIOLA. 



iii. " Plants with a Stem. Fruit-stalks erect. 

 a. Frithary shoots barren. Flowering 

 Stems lateral, from among leaves. 



12. mirabilis. Petaliferous Fl. fi'om near 

 the root ; fructiferous from stem only. Stem 

 erect, witli a line of hairs. L. reniformi- 

 cordate, somewhat acuminate. Thi-ee Sepals, 

 veiy large, acuminate. Spm* long, cylindrical, 

 p. 4, 5. Calc. woods. Lorr. common. Dau. 

 Pdm. 



13. arenaria. Decumbent. L. cordate, 

 obtuse. Stip. ovato-oblong, fimbriato-serrate, 

 many times shorter than L. -stalk. Caps, 

 ovate, somewhat acute, p. 5, 6. Sandy fields 

 and pine woods . Rhine. VaU. 



14. sylvatica. Ascending. L. ovali- 

 cordate or subreniform ; lower obtuse ; upper 

 somewhat acuminate. Stip. lineari-lanceolate, 

 friuged, ciliate. Cilia as long as the Madth of 

 the stipule. Caps, smooth, acute, p. 3, 4. 

 Woods and hedges. — Godron. 



;8. rivi?iiana,'Rcn^. Plowers larger. Spur 

 whitish. 



b. Primary shoots lengthened and hear- 

 ing fiowers. 



15. canina. Decumbent. L. oblongo- 

 cordate, somewhat acute. Stip. oblongo-lan- 

 ceolate, fimbriato-serrate, many times shorter 

 than L.-staUc. Caps, truncato-obtuse, apicu- 

 late, smooth, p. 5, 6. Woods, thickets, and 

 heaths. 



16. AUionii. " Small, hairy. Stems 

 decumbent. L. cordato-subrotund, minutely 

 crenate. Stip. remotely serrate. Sepals 

 lanceolate, acute. Caps, ellipsoid, very obtusely 

 keeled, p. 6. It. Alps." — Bert. Accord- 

 ing to Bert., the valves of the Caps, in V. 

 canina are acutely keeled. I do not find 

 them so. 



17- lactea. " L. ovato-lanceolate, roimded 

 below and narrowed into the L. -stalk. Lower- 

 most cordate. Stip. lineari-lanceolate, inciso- 

 serrate, shorter than L. -stalk. Caps, oblong, 

 acute, hairless. Fl. pale blue. p. 5, 6. Sandy 

 heaths."— Qk&. T. WeUs and Heathfield. n. 

 andw. Fr. 



18. Schultzii. Erect, smooth. L. cor- 

 date, somewhat acuminate. Stalk winged at 

 the top. Stip. oblongo-lanceolate, deeply 

 toothed. Sepals acute. Spur two or three 

 times as long as appendages to calyx, acute, 

 cm'ved upwards, forked. Fl. at first yellowish, 

 afterwards quite white, p. 4, 5. Boggy 

 meadows. Als. Laybach. 



19. stagnina. Erect, smooth. L. oblongo- 

 lanceolate, on a cordate base. Stalk winged at 

 the top. Stip. lanceolate, acuminate, fimbriato- 

 serrate, about half as long as L. -stalk. Sepals 

 acute. Spm* about equalling appendages to 

 calyx, p. 5, 6. Wet. G. e. Fr. 



20. stricta. Erect, smooth. L. cordate, 

 somewhat acumiuate. Stalk winged in the 

 upper part. Stip. oblongo-lanceolate, about 

 half as long as stalk ; upper equalling L.-staJk. 

 Sepals acute. Spm- obtuse, somewhat longer 

 than appendage, p. 5, 6. Open woods, n. 

 e. G. Koch depends a, good deal on the winged 

 leaf -stalk ; but in all this section the leaf- 

 stalk is winged at the top, and more in the 

 upper than in the lower L. V. stricta is said 

 to have nearly the L. of canina, a7id the large 

 Stipules of stagnina. 



21. pratensis. Erect, smooth. L. lan- 

 ceolate, on an ovate base, attenuate into a 

 mnged stalls:. Stip. leafy, oblongo-lanceolate, 

 inciso-dentate, longer than L.-stall<:. Spm- 

 about equ.alling appendage of calyx, p. 5, 6. 

 Meadows, rarely in woods. G. occ. 



22. elatior. Erect, downy. L. lanceolate, 

 on a somewhat cordate base. Stalk winged. 

 Stip. leafy, oblongo-lanceolate, inciso-dentate, 

 longer than L. -stalk, p. 5-7. Woods and 

 moist meadows. G. 



23. arborescens. Stem woody! L. 

 lanceolate. Stip. adliering. No Bracts. Valves 

 of Caps, boat-like, obtuse. Seeds few, ovate. 

 ■w. 2. Hocks and sandy shores. Narbonne. 



B. Style sharply bent. No Beak to Stigma. 

 A Pore between the lobes of Stigma. 



24. biflora. Stem with about two L. and 

 two Fl. L. renifoi-m, crenate. Stip. ovate, 

 quite entu-e. p. 5-8. Moist woody hills. 

 Alps. Sn. Fr. 



C. Style ascending. Stigma large, bladder- 



like, with beard on each side. 



i. L. quite entire. 



25. numiuulariifolia. L. subrotund, 

 shorter than stalk. Stip. lanceolate, undivided, 

 remotely serrate. Sepals oblongo-lanceolate, 

 acute. Spur very short and blunt, p. 7. e. 

 Alps. Cors. 



26. comoUia. L. eUiptico-subrotund, 

 somewhat cordate at base, somewhat repand. 

 Stip. linear, quite entire. Sepals fringed. Spur 

 very short and blunt, p. 7- 3l7is. ValteUine. 



27. cenisia. Lower L. ovate; upper gene- 

 rally oblong. Stip. entire and palmate ; seg- 



