UMBELLAT/E. 



157 



aiul Babington seems to consider them so in 

 Smith's plant ; hut in my Cornish specimens 

 they are evidently united at the base. This 

 character varies even on the same individual ; 

 and it is to he observed that those on the 

 lateral ridges arc more united than those on 

 tlie dorsal, and those at the top of the fruit 

 than those near its base. This and B. Caroia 

 are, according to Bertoloni, the only species of 

 which the prickles are not (^lochidiate ; yet 

 even in these they end abruptly, and it is diffi- 

 cult, at least in dried specimens, to say how 

 many little points proceed from these abrupt 

 terminations. De Candolle expressly assigns to 

 B. GingklluM prickles -with glochidiate heads. 



10. sicialas. Main Stem short. Branches 

 long, divaricate. Lower L. somewhat tripin- 

 nate. Lts. fleshy, ovate, inciso-dentate. Gene- 

 ral bracts tritid ; partial lanceolate, entire or 

 trifid. Fr. ovoid. Prickles dUated at base 

 and somewhat confluent, glochidiate, somewhat 

 exceeding the width of the fruit. Pet. small, 

 white or reddish, b. 4-6. Stony shores. 

 Trapani. Sard. 



11. dentatus. Stem hirsute at the base ; 

 upper part very rough. Lower L. tripinnate. 

 Lts. ovate, acute, inciso-dentate. Receptacle 

 of Umbel large, convex. General bracts pin- 

 natifid, segments linear ; partial lanceolate, 

 entire or trifid. Fr. oblong. Prickles dilated 

 at base, much shorter than width of fruit ; the 

 little points at the top deciduous. Pet. small, 

 white, b. 6, 7- Uochs of sea-sJwre. Sard. 



12. mauritaniciis. Stem hirsute. Lower 

 L. tripinnate, triangular, acuminate ; the first 

 pinnae spreading at right angles. Lts. lanceo- 

 late, acute, inciso-dentate. Receptacle of Um- 

 bel large, convex. General bracts pinnatifid, 

 segments linear ; partial lanceolate, entire or 

 trifid. Fr. ellipsoid, small. Prickles subulate, 

 separate, somewhat dilated at base, and with 

 1-3 hooked points at the top, hardly equal to 



width of fruit, b. 4. 5. Mis 



Lipari 



Islands. Capri. Between hispidus and Gin- 

 gidium. 



13. guxnnaifer. Stem very hirsute, swell- 

 ing at the joinings. Lower L. broad, trian- 

 gular, acute, tripinnate. Lts. ovate, pinnati- 

 fido-deutate, shining above. General bracts 

 bipinnatifid, exceeding umbel, segments ova- 

 to-lanceolate, miicronate ; partial ovate, en- 

 tire or 3-5-cleft, with, a broad membranous 

 margin, densely ciliate. "Fr. ovate. Prickles 

 rigid, comb-like, with entire, acute termina- 

 tions." — DC, under name of hispanicus. b. 

 5, 6. Marit. rocks. La Cava. Genoa. 



14. australis. Stem erect, rough. Lower 

 L. tripinnate ; outline ovale, lis. lanceolate, 

 acute, narj'owly pinnatilido-dentatc, hairy be- 

 neath and on the stalks. Receptacle of Umbel 

 large, convex. General bracts shorter than 

 umljcl, trifid or pinnatifid, segments linear ; 

 partial linear, somewhat exceeding umbel, en- 

 tire or ti'ifid. Fr. ellipsoid. Prickles subulate, 

 confluent, about haK as long as width of fruit ; 

 terminal points deciduous, b. 4, 5. iEgades. 



15. Broteri. Stem erect, rough above. 

 Branches divaricate. Lower L. bipiunate. Lts. 

 pinnatifid, short, with linear or lanceolate seg- 

 ments, sometimes incise. General bracts pin- 

 natifid. Segments and partial bracts setaceous. 

 Fr. eUiptico-oblong, with thick, whitish ridges. 

 Prickles somewhat dilated at base, glochidiate, 

 nearly twice the width of fruit, b. 7, 8. Rome, 

 common. K. Nap. 



16. muricatus. Erect, hispid. L. uni- 

 form, somewhat tripinnate. Lts. flabellato- 

 multipartite. Segments short, very narrow, 

 linear, somewhat strigose. General bracts pin- 

 natifid or trifid. Segments and paiiial bracts 

 setaceous ; latter equalling umbeUule. Fr. el- 

 lipsoid, silver)/, sometimes hroion or pm-plish, 

 compressed on the back. Ridges winged, bear- 

 ing the confluent, subulate, glochidiate prickles, 

 as long as the width of fruit. 

 a. 5, 6. Fields. Sic. Sar. 



Pet. radiating. 



17. aureus. Stem erect, dichotomous, 

 somewhat hispid. L. uniform, bipiunate. Lts. 

 distinct, finely pinnatifid, somewhat strigose. 

 General bracts pinnatifid, reflexed, somewhat 

 shorter than umbel. Segments and partial 

 bracts setaceous ; the latter entire and trifid. 

 Fr. oblong, golden, with very narrow mngs. 

 Prickles subulate, twice or thi-ee times as long 

 as width of ft'uit, glochidiate. a. 4, 5. Fields. 

 Termiui. 



It appears from these descriptions that in 

 parviflurus, maximus, dentatiis, and australis, 

 the length of the prickles falls far short of 

 the width of the fidl-grown fruit. In Carota, 

 setulosus, foliosus, Bocconi, hisjndus, Gingi- 

 diwn'^ siculus, mmiritanicus, gummifer'^ and 

 muricatus, they are about equal. In gibtosits, 

 Broteri, and aureus, the prickles are at least 

 twice as long as width of fruit. 



331. ORLAYA. 



1. grandiflora. Erect, dichotomous. L. 

 bipiunate. Lts. pinnatifid, incise, or bipinna- 

 tifid. Bracts 8-5, scariose on the margin. 

 Radiant Pet. 3 or 4 times as long as germen. 



