COMPOSITtE. 



231 



A. Phyllaries somewhat membranous at top, 



but without a distinct appendage. 



1. Crupinastrum. Shafts of Crests to 

 inner Seeds very numerous, tiled in many rows. 

 L. pinnatipartite. Segments nearly linear, ser- 

 rate or serrato-pinnatifid, fringed with glands. 

 a. 4-6. Ope7i hills. Sard. Hesembles Cru- 

 pina. — Moris. 



2. Centaurium. Shafts of Crest in 2 

 rows ; outer longer. L. pinnatipartite. Segm. 

 lanceolate, acutely and unequally serrate. Ft. 

 brownish purple, p. 7- Susa. FenestreUe 

 and Val d'Ossola in Pdm. Monte Gargano. 



3. alpina. Shafts in 2 rows ; outer longer. 

 L. quite smooth, pinnate. Segm. obiongo- 

 linear, serrate only at top. Fhi/ll. striped with 

 brown. Fl. yellow, p. St. Mamice in Sa- 

 voy. Duomo d'Ossola. 



B. Middle Phyllaries unarmed. Appendage 



abrupt. 



i. Appendage cartilaginous or scariose, not 



feathery. 



4. tauromenitana. " Crest of many rows. 

 Appendage generally trifid, cartilaginous. Div. 

 tomeutose. Lower L. lyrato-pinnatifid, weh- 

 by beneath : terminal lobe very large and ir- 

 regularly toothed. Upper L. pinnatifid, smooth. 

 Segm. entire, nearly equal. Cal. ovato-globose. 

 Appendage of the same eoloiu-. p. 5, 6. Hocks 

 above Taormina." — Guss. 



5. alba. Crest double. Appendage transpa- 

 rent, cuspidate. Root-L. lyi'ate or pinnatifid. 

 Segm. of all acute, p. 7, 8. Open hills, s. 

 Eur. Appendage altogether 'pale. 



/3. deusta. Appendage with a dark spot. 



6. splendens. Crest double. Appendage 

 rounded, without cusp. Root-L. pinnate. 

 Segm. of aU acute, p. 7, 8. Naples ? 



7. incana. Crest simple. Appendage 

 nearly without cusp, marked with a dark spot. 

 L. w^hite and cottony on both sides, with obtuse, 

 mucronate, entire segments ; lower lyrato- 

 pinnatifid. High rocks. Abr. 



8. deusta. Crest 0. Appendage of all 

 PhyU. scariose, with a dark spot, and termi- 

 nating in a long seta. Lower L. pinnate. 

 Root-L. pinnatifid: upper entire, p. 6, 7. 

 Sandy shores. Fai'o at Messina. — Guss. 



9. amara. Crest 0. Appendage of all 

 PhyU. simply scariose, not transparent. Root- 

 L. staUced, lanceolate. Stem-L. sessile, lanceo- 

 late or linear. PI. bracteate. p. 8. Dry 

 open. s. Eur. 



10. Jacea. Crest 0. Appendage of outer 

 Phyll. fringed; of middle scariose. Root- 

 L. somewhat toothed. Stem-L. sessile, lan- 

 ceolate, quite entire, p. 6-9. Dry pastures. 

 m. Europe. 



j3. decipiens. A larger portion of Phyll. 

 fringed. 



•y. nigrescens, DC. According to Koch, mid- 

 dle Phyll. fringed. This seems to differ 

 from the radiate var. of C. nigra only 

 in the want of crest to the seeds. 



8. pratensis. Appendage prolonged, acute- 



It also occurs sometimes without radiant 

 Florets. 



ii. Appendage of middle Phyllaries vdth pec- 

 tinate fringe. 



a. Middle of Appendage not prolonged. 



11. ni^escens. Crest 0. Appendage 

 distant, not covering the whole calyx. L. 

 oblong or ovate, denticulate : lower sometimes 

 lyrato-sinuate. p. 7, 8. Mountain meadows. 

 s. Alps. — Koch. Seems to differ fromZz,^%z. 7 

 only in the smaller size of the appendages. 



12. mutabilis. Crest short. Appendage 

 of middle Phyll. lacerate at base, pectinate at 

 top. Phyll. with a scariose wing ! L. lanceo- 

 late, entire ; lower sometimes lyi-ate. p. Un- 

 cult. Agen. Fl. at first yellow: Rays after- 

 wards becoming purple. The membranmis 

 margin makes it doubtful if this should not 

 rather be placed in Div. C. 



13. ni^a. Crest short, imequal. Appen- 

 dage of middle Phyll. altogether pectinate. 

 L. lanceolate or linear ; lower somewhat 

 sinuate, p. 7, 8. Meadows and uncult. Va- 

 ries with or without radiant Fits. 



14. spatulata. Crest short. Appendage 

 of middle Phyll. altogether pectinate. L. very 

 rough, spatulate ; lower somewhat lyrate. p. 

 Stotiy hills. Abr. 



b. Appendage pectinate-plumose, prolonged 

 in the middle, recurved. 



15. austriaca. Stem erect, branched. L. 

 ovate, rough, undivided, coarsely toothed. El. 

 radiant, nearly sessile among upper L. p. 7, 

 8. Stony, e. G. 



16. procumbens. Branched, procum- 

 bent, cottony. Lower L. lyrate ; upper ovate, 

 amplexicaul. El. radiant, sessUe among upper 

 L. p. Between XJtelle and Tourettes in Pdm. 

 Very rare. 



17. pectinata. Branched, erect, hoary. 



