VoL 3 APOCYNACEAE 331 



Atlas (1883) 32, t. 66, f. C; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) 

 Suppl. 117, 3 (1908) Bot. 428, Fl. Manila (1912) 369. 

 Cerbera lactaria Ham. in DC. Prodr. 8 (1844) 353; F.-Vill. Novis. 

 App. (1880) 129; Val. in Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 12 (1895) 245. 

 Elcana seminuda Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 584, ed. 3, 3 (1879) 

 267. 

 Common along - the seashore throughout the Philippines. Tropical Asia 

 through Malaya to tropical Australia and Polynesia. 



Local names: Arbon (Tagb.) ; baraibai (Tag.); batano (Ilk.); buta- 

 buta (Tag.) ; buto-buto (C. Bis.) ; dita (Sul.) ; dungas (Mag.) ; kaliptan 

 (Ilg.) ; lipata (Tagb.) ; lipatag (P. Bis.) ; magkanai (Bik.) ; maraibai 

 (Tag.) ; marabai (Tag.) ; panabulon (P. Bis.) ; toktok-kalau (Tag.) ; tabau- 

 tabau (Ilk.). 



17. THEVETIA Linnaeus 

 THEVETiA PERUVIANA (Pers.) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 9 (1914) 

 Bot. 130, Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 311. 

 Cerbera thevetia Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) 209; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 



125, ed. 2 (1845) 89, ed. 3, 1 (1877) 162, t. k5. 

 Cerbera peruviana Pers. Syn. 1 (1805) 267. 



Thevetia nereifolia Juss. ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, 2 (1841) 680; 

 Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1857) 406; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 129; 

 Merr. Fl. Manila (1912) 370. 



Widely scattered in cultivation as an ornamental plant in the larger 

 towns of the Archipelago. Introduced from tropical America, now pan- 

 tropic. 



18. PARAMERIA Bentham 

 PARAMERIA BARBATA (Blume) K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl Nat. Pflan- 

 zenfam. 4 2 (1895) 162; Merr. Interpret. Herb. Amb. (1917) 432, 

 Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 312. 

 Parsonsia barbata Blume Bijdr. (1826) 1042. 

 Ecdysanthera barbata Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1857) 451. 

 Ecdysanthera glandulifera A. DC. Prodr. 8 (1844) 443; Miq. Fl. 



Ind. Bat. 2 (1857) 452. 

 Echites torosa Llanos Frag. PI. Filip. (1851) 59; F.-Vill. & Naves 



in Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 4 1 (1880) 42, non Jacq. 

 Parameria vulneraria Radlk. in Stiz. Math.-Phys. Akad. Muench. 14 



(1884) 519; Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 214. 

 Parameria philippinensis Radlk. in Sitz. Math.-Phys. Akad. Muench. 

 14 (1884) 518; Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 214; Vidal Phan. 

 Cuming. Philip. (1885) 126, Rev. PI. Vase. Filip. (1886) 185; 

 Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 117. 

 Parameria glandulifera Benth. ex Kurz Forest Fl. Brit. Burm. 2 

 (1877) 189; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1882) 660; F.-Vill. Novis. 

 App. (1880) 131; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 33, t. 67, f. D. 

 Parameria glandulifera Benth. var. philippinensis Stapf in Trans. 

 Linn. Soc. Bot. 4 (1894) 207. 



Luzon (Ilocos Norte, Union, Bontoc, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, 

 Bulacan,. Pampanga, Bataan, Rizal), Mindoro, Busuanga, Palawan, Panay, 

 Cebu. In thickets and open forests at low and medium altitudes; common. 

 Sumatra, Java, and Borneo to the Moluccas. 



