Vol < 3 ACANTHACEAE 469 



203; Merr. Pi. Manila (1912) 440, Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 352; 



Elm. Leaf!. Philip. Bot. 5 (1913) 1685. 

 Thunbergia subsagittata Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 518. 

 Thunbergia javanica Gaertn. Fruct. 3* (1807) 22, t. 183; Nees in DC. 



Prodr. 11 (1847) 56; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 152. 

 Thunbergia hastata Decne. in Nuov. Ann. Mus. Paris 3 (1834) 388; 



Nees in DC. Prodr. 11 (1847) 56; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 



152; Lindau in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 38. 



Throughout the Philippines at low and medium altitudes, occurring in 

 thickets at low and medium altitudes in most or all islands and provinces; 

 variable in vegetative characters. India to Australia. 



Local names: Kalkalaoag (Ilk.); sinto-nagayan (Ibn.) ; tuka-uak (Sul.) ; 

 yankong-yangkong ( Bis. ) . 



THUNBERGIA GRANDIFLORA Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 45, Fl. Ind. ecL 

 2, 3 (1832) 34; Nees in DC. Prodr. 11 (1847) 54; F.-Vill. Novis. 

 App. (1880) 152; Naves, in Blanco Fl. Filip. ed- 3 (1877-83) 

 t. 229; Merr. Fl. Manila (1912) 439. 

 Flemingia grandiflora Roxb. ex Rottl. in Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue 

 Schrift. 4 (1803) 202. 

 Commonly planted in Manila and other large towns for ornamental pur- 

 poses. It has never been observed in fruit in the Philippines. Native of 

 India. 



THUNBERGIA LAURIFOLIA Lindl. in Card. Chron. (1856) 260; C. B. 

 Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4 (1884) 392, et ex King & Gamble 

 in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 74 2 (1907) 631. 



Occasionally planted for ornamental purposes; a recent introduction. 

 Malay Peninsula. 



4. HYGROPHILA R. Brown 



HYGROPHILA PHLOMOIDES Nees in Wall. PI. As. Rar. 3 (1832) 80, 

 DC. Prodr. 11 (1847) 90; Landau in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 

 38; C. B. Clarke in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1904) 91 (var. 

 roxburghii C. B. Clarke); Merr. Fl. Manila (19.12) 442, Sp. Blan- 

 coanae (1918) 352 (var. roxburghii C. B. Clarke). 

 Antirrhinum molle Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 503, ed. 2 (1845) 353, 



ed. 3, 2 (1878) 288, non Linn. 

 Hygrophila undulata F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 153, non Blume. 

 Luzon (Pangasinan, Zambales, Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna), Merrill 39U1 ? 

 Sp. Blancoanae 753, Phil. PI. 330, Cuming 992. In open grasslands, fallow 

 rice paddies, etc., at low altitudes. India to the Malay Peninsula and 

 Java. 



HYGROPHILA QUADRIVALVIS Nees in Wall. PI. As. Rar. 3 (1832) 80, 

 DC. Prodr. 11 (1847) 89; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1858) 778; C. B. 

 Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4 (1885) 408, et ex King & Gamble 

 in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 74 2 (1907) 645. 



Luzon (Bulacan, Rizal), Merrill 396, 64-5, 9775, B. S. 2071 Ramos. In 

 open grasslands, fallow rice paddies, etc., at low and medium altitudes; 

 apparently very close to H. phlomoides Nees. India to Indo-China, Malay- 

 Peninsula, Java, and Borneo. 



