VoL 3 COMPOSITAE 621 



54. TARAXACUM Haller 



TARAXACUM OFFICINALE Weber Prim. PL Hoist. (1780) 56. 



Leontodon taraxacum Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) 798. 



Taraxacum dens-leonis Desf. Fl. Atlant. 2 (1800) 228. 

 Luzon (Benguet), Merrill 11677. Naturalized in lawns, altitude about 

 1,400 m. A temperate-zone weed, native of Europe. Dandelion. 



55. SONCHUS Tournefort 



SONCHUS ARVENSIS Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) 793; DC. Prodr. 7 (1839) 187; 

 Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 414; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 

 5 (1910) Bot. 401. 

 Luzon (Ifugao, Bontoc, Lepanto, Benguet), Merrill 7808, 6-545, 4681, 

 4269, 4659, 4654, Phil. PI. 1788, Elmer 8634, B. S. 20028 McGregor. In 

 waste places, along trails, old gardens, talus slopes, etc., altitude 1,200 

 to 2,000 m; unquestionably introduced. All warm countries. 

 Local name: Lamlampaka (Bon., Ilk.). 



SONCHUS OLERACEUS Linn. Sp. PL (1753) 794; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 

 3 (1881) 414; Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 185; Merr. FL 

 Manila (1912) 479. 

 Luzon (Benguet, Rizal, Laguna), B. S. 5557 Ramos, 31964 Santos, Mer- 

 rill 7791, Elmer 7037, Whitford. In waste places like the preceding spe- 

 cies, but occasional at lower altitudes. All warm countries. 

 Local name: Gagatang (Ig.). 



56. LACTUCA Tournefort 



LACTUCA DENTATA (Thunb.) C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) 



Bot. 218; Merr. op. cit. 442, 5 (1910) Bot. 401; Makino in Bot. 



Mag. Tokyo 24 (1910) 75. 

 Prenanthes dentata Thunb. FL Jap. (1784) 301. 

 Lactuca luzonica Vidal Rev. PL Vase. Filip. (1886) 165. 

 Lactuca thunbergii Maxim, in Bull. Acad. St. Petersb. 19 (1874) 



530; Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 183; Merr. in Philip. Journ. 



Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 309; Usteri Beitr. Ken. Philip. Veg. (1905) 



120. 

 Ixeris thunbergii A. Gray in Mem. Am. Acad. II 6 (1859) 397. 



Batan Islands, Luzon (Ilocos Norte, Apayao, Ifugao, Bontoc, Benguet, 

 Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, Pampanga, Laguna, Tayabas, Camarines, Al- 

 bay), Mindoro, Panay, Negros, Mindanao. Chiefly along shaded streams 

 at medium, altitudes, ascending to 2,000 m. Japan to southern China and 

 Formosa. 



Local names: Babaong (Bon.); gilgiloi (Bon.); katkatang (Ig.) ; 1am- 

 paka (Ilk.); sabi (Bag.). 



LACTUCA INDICA Linn. Mant. 2 (1771) 278; DC. Prodr. 7 (1839) 136. 

 Prenanthes squarrosa Thunb. FL Jap. (1784) 303. 

 Prenanthes laciniata Houtt. Handl. 10 (1779) 381, t. 66, f. 1. 

 Lactuca brevirostris Champ, in Hook. Journ. Bot. Kew Miscel. 4 



(1852) 237; Hook. f. FL Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 405; F.-Vill. Novis. 



App. (1880) 120; Vidal Rev. PL Vase. Filip. (1886) 165, Phan. 



Cuming. Philip. (1885) 122; Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 182. 



