EUCALYPTUS PACHYPHYLLA. 



F. V. M., in the Journal of the Linnean Society 1859, pp. 83, 98 and 101 ; Bentham, flora AustraUensis iii. 237 (1866) ; 

 F. T. M., fragmenta phytographise Australise s. 5 (1876). 



Slirubliy ; brancUets robust, not very angular ; leaves scattered, on long stalks, of thick 

 leathery consistence, ovate- or broad-lanceolar, hardly unequal-sided, very finely veined, not 

 conspicuously dotted, the marginal vein distinctly removed from the edge ; stalk very short, bearing 

 several flowers either sessile or on short stalklets ; calyx with 4-7 longitudinal angles ; the lid 

 semiovate and acuminate, twice as long as the tube ; stamens yellow, inflected before expansion, 

 with ahnost ovate anthers, their cells opening with longitudhial slits ; style elongated ; stigma not 

 dilated ; fruit depressed-hemispherical, usually rcith 4 prominent angles, with a broad ascending 

 rim and 4 or 5 rarely 3 slightly exserted valves ; placental axis nearly as broad as long ; sterile 

 seeds slender ; fertile seeds surrounded by a narrow membrane. 



In the deserts of Central Australia, known from Start's and Hooker's Creek to Lake Amadeus 

 and MacDonnell's Eange (F. M. ; E. Giles). 



The peculiar shape of the fruit distinguishes this species already from any other. The plant 

 has merits for decorative culture in shrubberies and will bear the hottest drought. The heat, which 

 this and other Central-Australian plants will endure, may exceptionally rise in the shade to 122° F., 

 and in the sun to 164° F., or even as observed by McKinlay to 168° F. in the sun, and as noted 

 by Sturt to 132° F. in the shade. This extraordinary endurance of heat, shown by some Eucalypts, 

 finds to some extent its explanation in the great power of exhalation possessed by these plants. 



Explanation of Analytic Details. — 1, longitudinal section of an unespanded flower ; 2, front-view of an 

 anther with tlie upper part of its filament ; 3, back- view of the same ; 4, pistil ; 5, transverse section of young fruit ; 

 6, longitudinal section of fruit ; 7, sterile seeds ; 8, fertile seeds ; 9, pollen-grains, these diametrically 300 times 

 magnified. The augmentation of the other details readily rated by comparison of the main figure, which ia of 

 natural size. 



The Stomata or breathing-pores of the epidermis of leaves occur in about equal number on 

 both pages in E. pachyphylla as in the majority of cases in Eucalypts, numbering in this instance 

 about 40,000 to each square inch. This seems an apt opportunity to adduce the results, which by 

 microscopic observations and micrpmetric measurements have been obtained concerning the 

 number and distribution of the stomata in different species of this very large genus. As in 

 Proteaceffi so in Eucalyptes the occurrence of the stomata, whether on the underside of the leaves 

 alone, or on both pages in unequal or in equal numbers, indicates three series, according to which 

 the species have been tabulated below. In the time-absorbing elaboration of these details I have 

 been aided by Mr. L. Eummel. 



Table or Approximate Ndmber op Stomata pee Square Inch or Eucalyptus Leaves. 



] 



. — Stomata hypogenous 



= on t 



he underside only. 





Eucalyptus Abcrgiana 



180,000-228,000 



Eucalyptus ficifolia ... 



140,000-161,000 



acmenoides ... 



149,000-210,000 





mlcrocorys ... 



210,000-211,000 



botryoides 



105,000-110,000 





pellita 



160,000-155,000 



brnchyandra ... 



224,000 





ptychocarpa ... 



240,000 



calophylla 



207,000-230,000 





resinrfera 



I39,ooo-i(;o,ooo 



Cloi'zi.ina 



.310,000-311,000 





robusta 



156,000-105,000 



corymboaa 



100,000-167,000 





Eaveretiana ... 



220,000-248,000 



iJecaJHnftana ... 



207,000 





saligna 



155,000-217,000 



diversicolor ... 



170,000-228,000 





trachypliloia ... 



124,000 



