EUCALYPTUS PILULARIS. 



a species particularly rich in volatile oil, so that White in all likelihood had the oil; to which he 

 refers, distilled from another species and probably one with smooth bark. 



Dr. Leichhardt records the native name of E. pilularis as " Benaroon." 



The nearest ally to this tree is E. acmenoides (Schauer, in Walpers repertorium botanices 

 systematicee ii. 924), of which I compared an original specimen gathered in January 1817 by Allan 

 Cunningham near Port Jackson and communicated by the late Mr. Heward ; either as a variety 

 or as a species it differs from E. pilularis, as here assumed, in more fibrous outside paler and still 

 more extensively persistent bark (being placed by the Rev. Dr. Woolls among the Ehytiphloias, 

 not as E. pilularis among the Hemiphloiee), further in leaves of smaller size, thinner consistence 

 and beneath paler hue with only hypogenous stomata and more visible oil-dots, in smaller flowers 

 on thinner stalklets and less compressed stalks, smaller fruits with a narrower rim and often 

 rather more enclosed valves. The small bunch of fruit, shown separately on the lithogram of 

 E. pilularis, belongs to E. acmenoides ; and if this really should indicate a mere variety, the 

 specific appellation pilularis would become more justifiable. It is possible, that a histologic 

 examination of the bark in the native places of E. acmenoides would reveal further differences. 

 Dr. Woolls, Mr. Fawcett and Mr. Wilkinson call it White Mahogany, whereas Mr. Th. Wentworth 

 Watson, Mr. Bailey and others designate it as a Stringybark-tree. The name employed for it by 

 the natives of the Richmond-River is " Jundera." It ranges over a wider geographic area than 

 the typical E. pilularis, extending far into the tropical regions of Eastern Australia. The wood is 

 fissile, thus splits well into slabs and palings ; it is regarded of superior quality. Mr. Wilkinson 

 saw the stems attain in the Devonian formation a diameter of 4 feet. 



The young seedlings of E. pilularis are smooth, their leaves oblong- or narrow-lanceolar, 

 sessile, grey beneath, perceptibly dotted with pellucid oil-glands. The illustration now offered 

 does not represent sufficiently a tendency to a partially terminal inflorescence nor the flatness of 

 the flowerstalks. 



E. siderophloia is easily distinguished from E. pilularis by its entirely persistent and deeply 

 furrowed bark, the texture of its wood, often broader leaves, always paniculated flowers of less 

 number in the umbels, not distinctly compressed flowerstalks, the calyx-tube more gradually 

 attenuated into the stalklet, roundish anthers with parallel slits, dilated stigma, almost pearshaped- 

 obconical fruits with emersed rim and exserted valves, the latter not forming a flat but very 

 convex summit. 



General Sir E. Ward found the deflection of the fresh timber to be r35 inch, the material 

 used being 4 feet long by 2 inches square, loaded in the middle, bearing weight to 980 lbs. while 

 the elasticity remained unimpaired and breaking under a weight of 1,232 lbs. Specific gravity 

 about 0-897. 



Explanation of Analytic Details. — 1, portion of unexpanded flower, the lid lifted; 2, longitudinal section 

 of an unexpanded flower ; 3 and 4, front- and back-view of an anther with part of filament ; 5, stamens in situ, their 

 anthers presented at a side-view ; 6, style and stigma ; 7, longitudinal section of an abnormal fruit, the valves sunk 

 exceptionally deep ; 8, longitudinal section of an ordinary fruit ; 9, transverse section of fruit ; 10 and 11, fertile 

 and sterile seeds ; 12, portion of a leaf; all magnified, but to various extent. 



