Wernham, The Systematic Aiiatomy ol' the geiius Cnnejjhora. 463 



The parenchyma is genorally ratber thick-walled. The pali- 

 sade tissue consists of about three laycrs, the upper of cells elon- 

 g-ated perpendicularly to the surface, the lower of one to two layers 

 of closely packed square cells. 



Tannin is especially abundant in the palisade tissue. The 

 "spong-y" parenchyma coinprises rather large cells, which appear 

 flattened parallel to the surface. Tannin occurs in this reg-ion, but 

 not so abundantly as in the ventral portion of the leaf. Calcium 

 Oxalate occurs chiefly in the upper layers of the spongy tissue; it 

 takes the form principally of small aggregations of crystal-sand, 

 but a few minute cluster-crystals are to be seen. 



The upper epiderrais is of rather large thick-walled brick-like 

 cells with extremely thick cuticle, the inner surface of which is 

 corrugated into irregulär folds. There appear to be no stomata 

 upon the ventral surface. The lower epidermis diff'ers from the 

 upper in consisting- of smaller, flatter cells, with cuticle less strongly 

 developed. A few stomata are visible. The guard-cells are relatively 

 large and are not at all sunk; each is associated with a spheroidal 



Fig. 7 



Canephora madagascariensis. Diagramm of transverse section taken 



near the middle of the inflorescence peduncle. 

 F. s. fibrous sheath ; f. b. fibrous Strands ; other signs as in Fig. 3. 



auxiliary cell with rather strongly lignified w^alls. The stomata, we 

 shall find, are characteristic for each of the three species under 

 description. 



III. Peduncle. The shape of the transverse section, shown 

 m Fig. 7, offers a certain Suggestion of dorsiventrality, although 

 the Organ in question presents its edge to the mother axis, atleast 

 so far as can be judged from the dried and pressed material; one 

 surface of the swollen central portion is comparatively even, and 

 the other folded and irregulär. This Suggestion, we shall see, is 

 borne out to some extent by the internal structure. 



The most conspicuous feature in the section is the flattened 

 vascular bündle which traverses the central region. The bulk of 

 this bündle consists of a wood-band, completely closed, the breadth 

 being occupied by three or four xylem elements arranged in a more 

 or less regulär radial manner. The narrow space enclosed by this 

 band is filled with large, rather thin-walled parenchyma, containing 

 a certain amount of tannin, but no calcium Oxalate. 



Externally the xylem is surrounded by a practically continuous 



