Wernham, The Systematic Anatorny of the genus Canephora. 465 



Oxalate is very abundant, taking- tlie form of crystal-sand and small 

 cluster-crystals. 



The phloem is surrounded by a sheath of fibres with extre- 

 mely thick walls and lumina alniost obliterated. This sheath is 

 not so reg'ulaiiy continuous as in the case of C. mada/jascariensis. 

 The constituent fibres are irreg'ularly associated in g'roups, which, 

 taken, together, form the more or less discontinuous sheath. The 

 gaps in this sheath are, however, small, and are occupied by 

 parenchyma; the latter, together with the fibres, appear from their 

 Position and arrang-ement to belong- to the phloem. 



The cortex is, in contrast with C. madayasr-ariensis, for the 

 most part of thick-walled lignified elements. Tannin is plentiful, 

 especially in the outer zone. Calcium Oxalate occurs as crystal- 

 sand, with a fair number of Cluster crystals, but is apparently less 

 abundant than in C. inadagascariensis. 



The epidermis is very similar to that in the stem of the flrst 

 species, except that the elements are relatively rather larger. 

 There appears, moreover, to be no indication of the existence of a 

 definite hypodermis. 



IL Leaf. a) Petiole. The general anatomical structure is 

 similar to that of the first species; there is a large median bündle, 

 and two small lateral ones (Fig. 3, /;). 



The xylem-arc presents but little difference from that in the 

 petiole of C. madagascariensis, but the ventral gap is broader. No 

 parenchyma is associated with the xylem, as in the latter species. 

 The medullary rays are filled with tannin. The phloem appears 

 as a narrow band of sieve-tubes, which follows the periphery of 

 the xylem as far as the edge of the gap. The cells are densely 

 packed with calcium Oxalate — crystal-sand and small Clusters. 



No definite sclerotic sheath surrounds the phloem as in the 

 first species, but the cells of the ground-tissue in the region imme- 

 diately external to the main bündle have very thick walls. This 

 ground-tissue, which is continuous with the tissue in the concavity 

 of the bundle-gap, is relatively thick-walled throughout. Calcium 

 Oxalate and tannin both occur abundantly, the latter especially in 

 the outer, sub-epidermal layers. 



The epidermis presents no critical differences from that in 

 C. madagascariensis ; there is no definite hypodermis. 



Each of the small lateral bundles consists of about fifteen 

 xylem vessels, more or less separated into two groups, associated 

 with very little phloem. Fibrous elements, nine to twelve in number, 

 form a discontinuous are on the dorsal side. 



b) Midrib (Fig. 5, b). There is a ventral rib, triangulär in 

 transversa section, with apical angle of about 120"; the dorsal side 

 is relatively flat. 



The main vascular bündle consists of a closed ring of wood, 

 completely surrounded by phloem. The xylem-ring is roughly circu- 

 lar in section, and is made up of vessels much smaller and much 

 more numerous than in C. madagascariensis — about six vessels 

 broad throughout. These are arranged in a regulär radial manner, 



Beihefte Bot. Centralbl. Bd. XXVIII. Abt. I. Heft 8. 30 



