56 THE PHILOSOPHY 



deftiiute of art fufficient to make garments, Nature has fupplied that 

 defedl, by giving them a cojt of hair, which varies In thicknefs ac- 

 cording to the feafon of the year and the difference of climate. In 

 Ruflia, Lapland, Kamtfchatka, and all the northern regions, the 

 furs of animals are very thick and warm. But, in Turkey, Africa, 

 and the fouthern parts of Afia and America, moft quadrupeds are 

 thinly clad, and fome of them, as the Turkifh dog, are totally de- 

 ftitute of hair. 



The fkin of quadrupeds is dlfpofed nearly in the fame manner as 

 the human, only it is more elaftic. Immediately under the fkin> 

 there is a thin mufcular fubftance, called pannlculus carnofus^ which 

 is common to all quadrupeds, except the hog and armadillo kinds. 

 This fubftance, which is peculiar to quadrupeds, chiefly covers the 

 trunk, and, by fuddenly fhaking and fhrivelling the Ikin, enables 

 thefe animals to drive off infeds, or other offenfive bodies. 



The fubftance of the nerves, or organs of fenfation, is the fame 

 in the quadruped and in man. They originate from the brain and 

 fpinal marrow, and are diftributed over all the internal and external 

 parts of the body, in the fame manner as in the human frame. 



Thus it appears, that, in general ftrufture and organization, the 

 brute creation is nearly allied to the human fpecies. Some differen- 

 ces, however, merit attention ; becaufe a flight variation in ftrudure, 

 efpecially of the internal organs, is often accompanied with great 

 diverfities in difpofitions, food, and manners. 



Some animals feed upon flefli, others upon vegetables, and others 

 upon a mixture of both. The difpofitions of fome fpecies are fierce j 

 and their manners convey to us the ideas of cruelty and of barba- 

 rifm ; The difpofitions and manners of other fpecies are foft and 



placid,. 



