242 



THE PHILOSOPHY 



fize, if they do not exceed that of the females. In the gallinaceous 

 tribe of birds, on the contrary, the males are larger, more beautiful-, 

 and more courageous, than the females. The peacock, the tuikey, 

 the pheafant, and the dunghill cock, are remarkable examples. 

 Dunghill cocks, efpecially that kind of them which are called game- 

 cocks^ are the moft intrepidly bold and high-fpirited animals in the 

 creation. Nothing but abfolute death can make them yield to an 

 antagonift. In the domeftic ftate, at lead:, this intrepidity, and this 

 daring fpiiit, refult from competition, and jealoufy of rivals. Game- 

 cocks, to the difgrace of humanity, are fed and trained with the 

 moft fcrupulous attention. For what purpofe ? For the cruel amufe- 

 ment and fortuitous emolument of gamblers. 



That there are natural hermaphrodites, I have formerly mention- 

 ed. But, in man, dogs, cats, unnatural hermaphrodites, if they ever 

 exift, are fo rare, that the celebrated anatomift, Mr Hunter, de- 

 clares he never faw a fihgle example. Blit, in the horfe, the afs-, 

 black-cattle, and fheep, he has feen many hermaphrodites. It is 

 faid to be a known fadl, that, when a cow brings forth two calves-, 

 one of them a male, and the other a female, the female is in- 

 capable of propagation, but that the male is a perfed animal. In 

 England, a cow-calf brought forth with a bull-calf is denominated 

 3>.free martin^ and is as well known among farmers as either cow or 

 bull, Mr Hunter remarks, that a cow-calf, brought forth in the 

 fuuation above mentioned, may be either a free martin or a perfect 

 female. ' For,' he remarks, ' I- have reafon to believe, that-, in 

 •• black cattle, fuch a deviation may be produced without the cir- 

 *• cumftance of twins; and, even when there are twins^ the one a 

 '' male, the other a female, they may both have the organs of gene- 

 '' ration perfe<3:ly formed *.' What is called-.a free martin^ or im- 



perfed-. 



• Uuntey's ObfervaUcns on the Aairaal Oeconomy, p. 4p.. 



