XU CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER XII. 



Falkland Islands— Excursion round island — Aspect — Cattle, horses, rab- 

 bit, wolf-like fox — Fire made of bones — Art in making fire — Manner of 

 hunting wild cattle — Geology, fossil shells — Valleys filled with great 

 fragments, scenes of violence — Penguin — Geese — Fggs of doris — 

 Zoophytes, coralline phosphorescent — Compound animals . 245 



CHAPTER XIII. 



Strait of Magellan — Port Jamine — Geology — Deep water in channels — 

 Erratic boulders — Climate — Limit of fruit trees — Mean temperature — 

 Luxuriant forests — Rigour of antarctic islands — Contrast with the 

 north — Snow-line, great flexure of — Glaciers — Icebergs transport frag- 

 ments of rock— Glaciers in low latitude — Absence of erratic blocks in 

 intertropical regions — Glaciers and tropical vegetation — Comparison 

 with nortliern hemisphere — Siberian animals in ice — Embedded in 

 cold mud — Edible fungus — Zoology — Fucus giganteus — Leave Tierra 

 del Fuego . . . . , .263 



CHAPTER XIV. 



Valparaiso— Excursion to base of Andes — Structure of land — Ascend 



Bell of Quillota — Shattered masses of greenstone — Immense valleys 



Mines— State of miners — Santiago — Hot baths of Cauquenes — Gold 

 mines— Grinding mills— Perforated stones— Habits of puma— El turco 

 and tapacolo — Humming-birds .... 308 



CHAPTER XV. 



Chiloe— General aspect — Boat excursion — Native Indians — Castro — 

 Large leaves of Gunnera scabra— Tame fox— Ascend San Pedro— 

 Chonos Archipelago— Peninsula of Tres Montes— Granitic range- 

 Lowe's Harbour— Wild potato— Forest— Formation of peat— Myopo- 

 tamus, otter and mice— Cheucau and barking-bird— Furnarius— Singu- 

 lar character of ornithology — Petrels . . . 333 



CHAPTER XVI. 



San Carlos, Chiloe— Osorno in eruption— Ride to Castro and Cucao— 

 Impenetrable forests— Valdivia— Apple-trees— Ride to Llanos— In- 

 dians— Earthquake— Concepcion— Great earthquake— Effects of wave 

 —Rocks fissured— Appearance of the former towns— Water in the bay 

 black and boiling— Direction of vibration— Stones displaced— Cause of 

 great waves— Permanent elevation of land— Great lake of fluid rock 

 beneath crust of the globe— Connexion of volcanic phenomena— Slow 

 elevation of mountain chains, cause of earthquakes . , 356 



