46 RANIGANJ COAL FIELD. [CHAP. IV. § 2. 



one of the chief peculiarities of the Upper series in the Raniganj field, 

 form the highest beds of the section. 



From all these facts, whether the upper series be represented else- 

 where or not, there can be little doubt that the term Lower Damuda 

 must be restricted to that portion of the group in the Raniganj field 

 which underlies the ironstone shales, and which, doubtless, represents a 

 portion of, if not all, the Dainuda rocks of other areas. For the Upper 

 series, as already mentioned, the name of Raniganj series is proposed. 



Chapter IV., Section 2. — Lower Damuda Group, 



The principal general characteristics of this series having been 



described above, it only remains to mention the local forms which it 



assumes, and the places where coal is known to exist within its area. 



Commencing for this purpose in the North-east of the field, we find 



two long strips of sandstone, both belonging to 

 North of River Adjai. . . 



this portion of the Damuda group, lying North of 



the River Adjai, and in the district of Beerbhoom. The more East- 



wardly of these lies North of the Hingla stream ; it is about 6 miles 



in length, and nowhere more than a mile in breadth, being bounded 



on the South by a fault, which brings up metamorphic rocks. It only 



contains sandstones and sandy shales, and no coal is known to occur. 



The other small area is more interesting. It extends from Haz- 



ratpur on the East, to beyond Kasta, a distance of about 13 miles. 



To the North it rests naturally on the gneiss for the greater portion of 



the distance, but it appears to be let in by faults about Kasta. It is 



very narrow, being covered up to the South by the alluvium of the 



Adjai as far as a little West of Afzalpur ; beyond that, a large fault, 



