18 



SUE-HIMALAYAN ROCKS OF N. W. INDIA. [CHAP. I. 



W 



5 



>* "-3 



go a 



them as having originated from a common 



set of conditions. The lowest beds, the 



Subathu nummulitic strata, offer the only, 



even local, exception to this rule, and they, 



§< at least in this district, pass transitionally by 



™ alternation into the prevailing type. The 



'> arenaceous type is a sharp, fine-grained gra- 

 ce 

 ^ nitic sandstone, more or less felspathic, -mica- 



£ ceous, or earthy, and showing corresponding 

 f D shades of light greenish or bluish gray, 

 J3 brown, and purple. The argillaceous type 

 is lumpy clay, gritty, micaceous, yellow, 

 brown, and red. The massiveness of the 

 bedding is remarkable throughout. The cal- 

 careous element is very subordinate, and only 

 occurs as an occasional ingredient of the 

 other rocks. Its most concentrated state is 

 in irregular nodules in the clays, somewhat 

 similar to the Jcunkw of the present plains' 

 deposits. The diagram section (Fig. 2) will 

 illustrate the general relations of these sever- 

 al groups. I would direct particular atten- 

 tion to the fact, that I base the connection 

 of the several groups of the Sub-Himalayan 

 rocks into one series on purely lithological 

 and structural considerations. Geologists are 

 aware that the precise age of either the 

 Subathu beds at the base, or of the Sivalik 

 beds at the top of this series is still undefin- 

 ed. And much less are we in a position to 

 discuss satisfactorily the general affinities of 



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