Chap. II.] the Himalayan series. 49 



the very bed of the Sutlej. This area has been no doubt a focus of 



intense local disturbance, and of accompanying igneous intrusion. 



It will be recollected that, on the section described from Simla to Hatu, 



passing at only a short distance to the east of the section I have now 



brought to notice, and right across the direction of this axis of disturbance, 



we found no sign of similar conditions ; a general easting in the point of 



dip was the only noticeable change. The Shali 

 Shali mountain. 



mountain, the peak that forms so prominent an 



object in the middle landscape as one looks northward from Simla, stands 



at the eastern focus and terminus of this line of disturbance. It attains 



an elevation of 9,420 feet, while the Sutlej, only five miles distant, flows 



at a level of about 2,500 feet. The stratigraphical 

 Its wild scenery. 



conditions have aided to make the most of these 



circumstances of elevation ; massive bands of limestone are tossed 

 about in every direction; the crumpled slate rocks have yielded easily 

 to denuding forces ; thus producing a combination of deep narrow gorges 

 and of lofty rock cliffs, which are densely covered with forest on every 

 available spot. 



In going from Shali to the south, to the east, or to the north, 

 we find the same rocks have assumed a steady diverging dip. We 

 have seen how it is to the south. The connecting ridge between 

 Shali and Tikar is formed by the massive limestone, and its asso- 

 ciated quartzite-sandstone, having a south-easterly dip. On Tikar this 

 has become easterly. In the valley about Darampur or along the 

 ridge over Euni, this rock is overlaid, at an angle of 20° to 30°, by 

 schistose slates. Over a variable thickness of these slates there occurs 

 a thin band of limestone, often of a slaty aspect ; it is worth noticing 

 as forming a pretty constant feature in these sections; and in places, 

 as for instance east of Runi, it has reminded me of the Kukurhutti 

 limestone, to be presently mentioned. Hereabouts it is overlaid by 

 the siliceous schist of Theog and Muttiani. The same section may 



G 



