68 SUB-HIMALAYAN ROCKS OF N. W. INDIA. [CHAP. II. 



long way down the valley, in slates, sandstones, and sub-schistose rocks. 

 Yet, at a little below Batouin, strong bedded, clear limestones come in with 

 the former south-westerly underlie, and it is here in the exact continuation 

 of the strike of the rock on Tuppobun peak. These facts point strongly to 

 extensive unconformability between these rocks, yet the contortions that all 

 have undergone are so great that it will be very difficult to settle this ques- 

 tion satisfactorily. South of this limestone the dip is again greatly con- 

 fused, being both north and east, in blue glossy slates, red and gray slaty 

 micaceous grits, and coarsish pink sandstone. Below the confluence of the 

 stream from Thaline with the Hewnulgur, there is an east and west anti- 

 clinal line well marked in this sandstone ; the valley soon opens out in the 

 crumbling blue slates and grits ; at first they show the same strike as the 

 sandstone, but before long they dip to the north-east and south-south-east ; 

 in fact they present no single order of disturbance. Just above the con- 

 fluence of the Hewnulgur and the Ganges, streaked slates underlie to the 

 south-west, and on the right bank of the Ganges they are overlaid by 

 typical Blini limestone, and its slaty conglomerate. Not far down the 

 river strong clear limestone, calcareous sandstone, and black shale are 

 crushed together along a steady north-west, south-east strike. At the 

 southerly bend of the river above Tuppobun the fine earthy compact beds of 

 lower-Krol type are greatly twisted together ; but through all a steady, 

 general north-west and south-east strike is traceable. 



Of the hills east of the Ganges I have seen very little. The Blini 

 conglomerate shows abundantly at the base of 

 Merhal hill. The principal rocks of this hill are 

 pink and greenish slates ; sandstones appear near the top, and the summit 

 is of strong-bedded limestone, underlying to the north-east, but also 

 subject to local irregularities of disturbance. About two miles south 

 of the summit there is an abrupt depression in the ridge. The 

 slope is of decomposing ferruginous slate and sandstone, and in the 

 depression, which is about half a mile wide, we find the remnant of the 



