78 SUB-HIMALAYAN ROCKS OF IT. W. INDIA. [ClIAP. Ill 



of the outlier, but it underlies to the south-west, showing that on 

 this side also the beds are sharply folded together. Here we find the 

 Blini conglomerate underlying the limestone. I have attempted to 

 represent these facts in Fig. 3, page 24 Such sections as this are diffi- 

 cult to reconcile with the conditions I have supposed ; though on 

 so small a scale, and therefore, from my point of view, bringing us 

 so close to the base of the younger rocks and to the original surface 

 of contact, there is no recognizable bottom-rock of the upper group, 

 no contact is seen that can be said to be original, and where one can 

 be at all sure the actual juxtaposition is not produced by contortion 

 and faulting. If this mode of explanation be once admitted it is 

 difficult to fix the limits of its application. 



I know of only one section which promises to give conclusive evidence 

 proved by the section upon this question of junction. On the small 

 patch of level ground (where barracks formerly 

 stood), just north-east of the bazaar at Subathu, we find the red and 

 gray, marly, nummulitic clays in more or less vertical bedding along a 

 steady north-westerly strike. Sub-schistose slates rise on either side with 

 an underlie towards the fossiliferous rocks. The junction is particular- 

 ly well seen along the south-west edge. In contact with the slates there 

 is a thick bed of a peculiar rock, an exceedingly fine clay, but indurated 



in a peculiar manner like semi-porcelain ; it is 



A bottom bed. . . , . 



also characterised by containing large grains of 



pisolitic iron oxide, which are sometimes present in great abundance. 

 Along the steep descent into the gulley on the north-west, a,bove the bifur- 

 cation of the stream, this contact can be followed to a considerable depth, 

 and there is very approximate conformity throughout : the thin slates are 

 occasionally wrinkled, but it seemed to me as if the same beds might be 

 in contact all through. Before reaching the north-east branch streamlet 

 the nummulitic beds cease ; — the slates soon rise with a reverse dip, 

 and at several points along the north-east boundary the same bottom bed 



