Chap. III.] sub-himalayan series — subathu gkoup. 83 



to the south-west, and on this account we find at Subathu and north 

 of it, only a partial representation of the bottom rocks, a step, as it 

 were, in the conditions which excluded the whole series from the region 

 of the Lower Himalaya. I need hardly point out that lateral com- 

 pression might readily produce the result represented in Fig. 9, at 

 the edge of the Subathu ridge, • between beds that had been approxi- 

 mately parallel. I do not pretend to say that no slipping has occurred 

 along this junction ; it were improbable to suppose that it had not ; 

 and we even see positive evidence of it in the slightly streaked and 

 polished surface of contact ; but that it was inconsiderable is strongly 

 suggested by the fact, that the nummulitic beds here, and in the section 

 beyond the bazaar, are about on the same geological horizon as well as 

 at the same actual level ; both are about the termination of the fine 

 silty, calcareous, fossiliferous deposits. 



On the sections at and about Subathu, almost the entire evidence 

 relating to the geological history of these nummulitic rocks depends. 

 The removal of the Krol group from the area over which we now find 



' x . , , the nummulitic outliers is peculiar to this localitv : 



Exceptional character x J 



of the boundary at Suba- elsewhere, we find difficulty even in applying the 

 mode of interpretation suggested by those outliers. 

 For example, towards its south-east end, the Subathu ridge passes along 

 the side of the Boj ; it is in fact so united to the latter as to form but one 

 mountain with it, and the peak of the Boj rises but a few hundred feet 

 higher than the sandstone ridge, from which it is separated only by a 

 very shallow depression. The junction here gives one forcibly the 

 impression of its being a great fault-line. The section is admirably 

 exposed in the tunnel through the south-east continuation of the Subathu 

 ridge, where it has again separated from the Boj. In Fig. 3 the section is 

 taken across the summits, but the features are the same as at the tunnel 

 and along the ridge : the black shales rise with a high dip from under 

 the Krol limestone ; in the depression they form a sharp anticlinal, thus 



