Chap. III.] sub-himalayan series — subathu group. 87 



nummulitic deposits, as seen in the less disturbed section of Subathu, 

 we can infer that the elevation of the area to the north-east, by which 

 the nummulitic deposits were restricted, corresponded approximately in 

 outline to the actual area of the Lower Himalaya, and that, therefore, 

 the formation of the mountain zones, as we now see them, is not the 

 result of one upheaval of the crust subsequent to the deposition of the 

 Sub-Himalayan rocks. The small remnant of the Subathu beds, which 

 occurs east of the Ganges, after a blank of sixty miles, is exactly in the 

 line of continuation of the main area, on the outskirts of the Lower 

 Himalaya. In the other direction, before the Subathu group disappears 

 beneath the succeeding formations, beyond the Sutlej, it has bent round 

 with the curve of the boundary of the Lower Himalaya. We are thus 

 led to conjecture that the pre-nummulitic elevation was effected on 

 the same lines, so to speak, as those which now mark the Himalayan 

 mountain system. Another fact of some interest, and which supports 

 the same view, is this : the range of the Krol rocks to the south-east 

 of Solun is well outside the strike of the rocks in the outlying bands 

 of the Subathu group ; yet I never found a trace of this latter group 

 among the rocks of the limestone range. To the north-west, however 

 on the range of limestone, north of Erki, and which, it will be recollect- 

 ed, I regard provisionally as the representatives of the Krol rocks, 

 the nummulitic clays are easily detected ; there is a well-marked band 

 of them in the depression of the ridge, by the village of Kularun. 



From what we have seen of the nummulitic group of Subathu, one 

 Subathu group east would not perhaps expect a priori to find its cha- 

 s ' u racters persistent over a large area. Its thickness 



no doubt is considerable, but it has been shown with some probability 

 that its conditions of formation were rather confined and local. This 

 expectation is to some extent confirmed ; we do know that these nummu- 

 litic deposits differ much from nummulitic strata in an analogous position 

 in Eastern Bengal, and that they altogether differ from those of the 



