118 SUB-HIMALAYAN ROCKS OF N. W. INDIA. [CHAP. IV. 



right of the Ganges, where the rocks on the south of the great longitu- 

 dinal anticlinal are preserved ; at the top of the reverse section, three 

 miles east of Myapoor (Hurdwar), the clay conglomerates are seen dip- 

 ping at 80° to south-west ; we may then conclude that they once existed 

 over areas where they do not now appear. 



It is the two lower sub-divisions of the series which are liable to be iden- 

 tified with the Nahun band. The thickness of these 

 Thickness. 



accumulations is so very great and variable, that one 



must be content to indicate some standard examples ; at the locality last 



mentioned there is a very steady section ; starting from the Bheemgoda 



fault, the end of the main anticlinal axis, north of Hurdwar, at about 



the base of the second sub-division, with a steady dip of about 25° to 



the south-west, there is a continuous section for more than four miles 



across the strike ending in the clays and conglomerates, the dip having 



gradually increased to 80°. Taking 45° as even below the mean dip, 



we thus have a thickness of only a portion of the group amounting to 



15,000 feet. That this enormous thickness of one series of strata was 



once regularly super-imposed in vertical succession, is almost incredible, 



yet I see no satisfactory solution of the difficulty, the youngest clay beds 



exhibit in the southern section the maximum of disturbance, and we 



are, therefore, scarcely at liberty to suppose the top beds added on 



each side during the process of disturbance. 



No two sections, that I have seen, of these rocks are exactly alike, 



even in passes not more than three or four miles 

 Horizontal variations. . , 



apart, but this is only what we should expect in 



such strata. There are, however, general changes of much interest. 



From some little way to west of the Jumna there is a very marked 



increase in the proportion of clays throughout the group. The same 



is to some extent noticeable in the Nahun group ; there are certainly 



more clays in the section of the upper Batta than in the gorges of the 



Soma or the Noon. The well marked changes in the quantity and 



